Van Hook M P
School of Social Work, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32816-3358, USA.
Soc Work Health Care. 1999;29(1):15-34. doi: 10.1300/J010v29n01_02.
Depression tends not to be accurately identified and treated in primary care settings. Women of color are especially likely to use these settings for mental health issues but are less likely to be diagnosed appropriately. A study was conducted within four Florida primary care clinics serving primarily low-income families. Participants included 321 women (Black, 22%, Hispanic, 23.5%, White, 38.6%) who completed a confidential questionnaire while waiting to be seen by clinic staff. Ten percent reported recent major depression, with 26.7% indicating depressive symptoms during the past two years. Depressed women were significantly more likely to report physical violence during the past year. Respondents turned primarily to family, friends, and medical clinics for their depression. They found turning to clinic staff to be helpful and described psychosocial interventions as useful. Members of all ethnic/racial groups reported barriers to seeking help, including perceived separation between mental health and general health and stigma. Implications are discussed in terms of appropriate community education and screening procedures.
在初级保健机构中，抑郁症往往无法得到准确的识别和治疗。有色人种女性尤其倾向于在这些机构解决心理健康问题，但她们被正确诊断的可能性较小。一项研究在佛罗里达州的四家主要为低收入家庭服务的初级保健诊所开展。参与者包括321名女性（黑人占22%，西班牙裔占23.5%，白人占38.6%），她们在等待诊所工作人员接诊时填写了一份保密问卷。10%的人报告近期患有重度抑郁症，26.7%的人表示在过去两年中有抑郁症状。抑郁的女性在过去一年中报告遭受身体暴力的可能性显著更高。受访者主要向家人、朋友和医疗诊所求助于抑郁症问题。她们发现向诊所工作人员求助很有帮助，并认为心理社会干预很有用。所有种族/族裔群体的成员都报告了寻求帮助的障碍，包括心理健康与一般健康之间的认知差异以及耻辱感。文中从适当的社区教育和筛查程序方面进行了讨论。
