Yamazaki N, Yamamoto A, Wada T, Ishikawa M
Department of Dermatology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
J Dermatol. 1999 Aug;26(8):489-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.1999.tb02033.x.
Melanoma is an uncommon disease in Japan. The incidence, however, has been gradually increasing in the last two decades, as in many other countries worldwide. Ten patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were treated between March of 1997 and April of 1998 in the Department of Dermatology, National Cancer Center Hospital, with a combination chemotherapy consisting of dacarbazine (DTIC), nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU), cisplatin (CDDP), and tamoxifen (TAM). The patients characteristics were as follows: four were males and six females; the age range was 33-70 years; all were Japanese; sites of primary disease: extremities 4, primary unknown 3, nasal cavity 1, anus 1, scalp 1; sites of metastases: lymph nodes 6, pulmonary system 5, skin 2, liver 3, gall bladder 1, adrenal gland 1. The chemotherapy regimen included DTIC 220 mg/m2/i.v. on days 1 through 3, ACNU 60 mg/m2/i.v. on day 1, cisplatin 25 mg/m2/i.v. on days 1 through 3, and tamoxifen 10 mg p.o. twice daily. One patient achieved a complete response and 3 showed partial responses. The response rate was 40%. The four responders included those with metastases to the nodes, lung, and liver. The main toxicities were nausea, vomiting, leucopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. This regimen is a fairly effective combination against metastatic melanoma.
黑色素瘤在日本是一种罕见疾病。然而，与世界上许多其他国家一样，其发病率在过去二十年中一直在逐渐上升。1997年3月至1998年4月期间，国立癌症中心医院皮肤科对10例转移性恶性黑色素瘤患者进行了联合化疗，化疗药物包括达卡巴嗪（DTIC）、盐酸尼莫司汀（ACNU）、顺铂（CDDP）和他莫昔芬（TAM）。患者特征如下：男性4例，女性6例；年龄范围为33 - 70岁；均为日本人；原发疾病部位：四肢4例，原发灶不明3例，鼻腔1例，肛门1例，头皮1例；转移部位：淋巴结6例，肺部5例，皮肤2例，肝脏3例，胆囊1例，肾上腺1例。化疗方案包括：第1至3天静脉注射DTIC 220 mg/m²，第1天静脉注射ACNU 60 mg/m²，第1至3天静脉注射顺铂25 mg/m²，他莫昔芬口服10 mg，每日两次。1例患者达到完全缓解，3例显示部分缓解。缓解率为40%。4例缓解者包括有淋巴结、肺和肝转移的患者。主要毒性反应为恶心、呕吐、白细胞减少、贫血和血小板减少。该方案是一种治疗转移性黑色素瘤相当有效的联合方案。
