George K P, Gates P E, Birch K M, Campbell I G
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, The Manchester Metropolitan University, Alsager, UK.
J Sports Sci. 1999 Aug;17(8):633-42. doi: 10.1080/026404199365669.
In this study, we investigated resting left ventricular dimensions and function in trained female rowers, canoeists and cyclists. In male populations, such athletes have demonstrated the largest left ventricular wall thicknesses and cavity dimensions. Echocardiograms were analysed from 24 athletes (rowers and canoeists, n = 12; cyclists, n = 12) and 21 age-matched controls to measure left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and volume, and septal (ST) and posterior wall (PWT) thicknesses. Left ventricular mass was calculated from M-mode data. Systolic and diastolic function were calculated from M-mode and Doppler echocardiography, respectively. Height, body mass, body surface area and fat-free mass were determined anthropometrically. The athletes were well matched with the controls for all anthropometric variables except fat-free mass (rowers and canoeists 49.7+/-3.6 kg, cyclists 48.0+/-3.8 kg, controls 45.0+/-5.4 kg; P < 0.05). The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, mass and volume, and septal and posterior wall thicknesses, were all significantly greater in the athletes than the controls (P < 0.05). These differences persisted (except for left ventricular end-diastolic dimension) even after allometric adjustment for group differences in fat-free mass. Stroke volume was larger (rowers and canoeists 102+/-13 ml, cyclists 103+/-16 ml, controls 80+/-15 ml; P < 0.05) in both groups of athletes but all other functional data were similar between groups. As in male athletes, female rowers, canoeists and cyclists displayed significantly larger left ventricular cavity dimensions and wall thicknesses than controls.
在本研究中，我们调查了受过训练的女性赛艇运动员、皮划艇运动员和自行车运动员静息状态下的左心室尺寸及功能。在男性群体中，这类运动员已被证明具有最大的左心室壁厚度和腔室尺寸。对24名运动员（赛艇运动员和皮划艇运动员，n = 12；自行车运动员，n = 12）以及21名年龄匹配的对照者的超声心动图进行分析，以测量左心室舒张末期内径和容积，以及室间隔（ST）和后壁厚度（PWT）。根据M型数据计算左心室质量。分别根据M型和多普勒超声心动图计算收缩功能和舒张功能。通过人体测量法测定身高、体重、体表面积和去脂体重。除去脂体重外，所有人体测量变量在运动员和对照者之间匹配良好（赛艇运动员和皮划艇运动员49.7±3.6 kg，自行车运动员48.0±3.8 kg，对照者45.0±5.4 kg；P<0.05）。运动员的左心室舒张末期内径、质量和容积，以及室间隔和后壁厚度均显著大于对照者（P<0.05）。即使对去脂体重的组间差异进行了异速生长调整后，这些差异依然存在（左心室舒张末期内径除外）。两组运动员的每搏输出量均较大（赛艇运动员和皮划艇运动员102±13 ml，自行车运动员103±16 ml，对照者80±15 ml；P<0.05），但两组之间的所有其他功能数据相似。与男性运动员一样，女性赛艇运动员、皮划艇运动员和自行车运动员的左心室腔室尺寸和壁厚度均显著大于对照者。
