Huber J E, Stathopoulos E T, Curione G M, Ash T A, Johnson K
State University of New York at Buffalo, Communicative Disorders and Sciences Department 14214-3005, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1999 Sep;106(3 Pt 1):1532-42. doi: 10.1121/1.427150.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the formant frequencies and amplitudes of a wide age range of children and one group of adults at three sound pressure levels (SPLs). Subjects were ten females and ten males in the following age groups (in years): 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and adults. A sustained /a/ was produced three times by each subject. Formant frequencies were obtained using linear predictive coding analysis. Formant amplitudes were measured from the highest amplitude harmonic in the area of each formant. In addition to following established trends previously published in other studies, it was hypothesized that the first formant frequency would increase with increasing intensity, that females would have higher formant frequencies than same aged males, and that women and children would have reduced formant amplitudes as compared to men. It was found that first formant frequency increased with intensity and changed as a function of age and sex. Second and third formant frequencies changed with age and sex. Formant amplitudes followed the trends set by the SPL differences and did not change as a function of age and sex. Results are discussed in terms of anatomic differences and SPL.
本研究的目的是调查不同年龄段儿童及一组成年人在三种声压级（SPL）下的共振峰频率和振幅。研究对象为10名女性和10名男性，年龄分组如下（单位：岁）：4、6、8、10、12、14、16、18以及成年人。每位受试者发三次长音/a/。共振峰频率通过线性预测编码分析获得。共振峰振幅从每个共振峰区域内最高振幅的谐波中测量得出。除了遵循其他研究中已发表的既定趋势外，研究还假设第一共振峰频率会随强度增加而升高，女性的共振峰频率会高于同龄男性，并且与男性相比，女性和儿童的共振峰振幅会降低。研究发现，第一共振峰频率随强度增加而升高，并且随年龄和性别而变化。第二和第三共振峰频率随年龄和性别而变化。共振峰振幅遵循声压级差异所设定的趋势，且不随年龄和性别而变化。研究结果从解剖学差异和声压级方面进行了讨论。
