Dehner L P, Hill D A, Deschryver K
Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Barnes-Jewish and St Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University Medical Center, MO 63141, USA.
Semin Diagn Pathol. 1999 Aug;16(3):235-47.
The pathologic spectrum of breast disease in children and adolescents is broad and includes entities more commonly seen in older patients. In general, the vast majority of breast masses in young patients are benign with fibroadenomas, gynecomastia, and macromastia accounting for the majority of surgical specimens. Malignant tumors are more likely to be secondary or metastatic than primary. Rhabdomyosarcoma and hematolymphoid tumors comprise a majority of malignant diagnoses in children. Primary carcinomas and sarcomas are rare, especially if sarcomas arising in the setting of cystosarcoma phyllodes are excluded.
儿童和青少年乳腺疾病的病理谱广泛，包括一些在年长患者中更常见的病症。一般来说，年轻患者中绝大多数乳腺肿块是良性的，纤维腺瘤、男性乳腺增生和巨乳症占手术标本的大多数。恶性肿瘤更可能是继发性或转移性的，而非原发性的。横纹肌肉瘤和血液淋巴系统肿瘤占儿童恶性诊断的大多数。原发性癌和肉瘤很少见，尤其是排除叶状囊肉瘤背景下发生的肉瘤。
