Dick R B, Pinkerton L E, Krieg E F, Biagini R E, Deddens J A, Brightwell W S, Grubb P L, Taylor B T, Russo J M
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA.
Neurotoxicology. 1999 Aug;20(4):595-607.
Postural sway testing was carried out on a group of 145 workers exposed to lead in a secondary lead smelter and 84 workers not exposed to lead in a hinge manufacturing plant. All workers were measured for blood lead levels (BLL) and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) concentrations at the time of testing and both a total cumulative and a time-weighted average BLL value was constructed for the lead exposed workers. The lead exposed workers mean BLL at the time of testing was 38.9 microg/dl and the non-exposed workers mean was 2.3 microg/dl. ZPP levels averaged 55.2 microg/dl for exposed workers and 18.9 microg/dl for non-exposed workers. Total cumulative BLL averaged 83476 microg/dl days for the exposed workers, with a mean time-weighted average BLL of 35.1 microg/dl. Six tests of postural stability, four two leg conditions and two single leg conditions were administered to all subjects using a force platform to produce measurements of sway for comparison purposes. The two leg conditions also manipulated the visual and proprioceptive systems. A statistically significant association was observed for sway measurements and the current BLL for all workers, but not with the current BLL of only the lead exposed workers. No statistically significant associations were present with the cumulative measures of long-term exposure. Of the six tests of sway, only the single leg conditions showed significant exposure effects. The results suggest effects of lead exposure among those with average BLL near 40.0 microg/dl, but only in the most challenging one leg conditions.
对一家二级铅冶炼厂的145名铅暴露工人和一家铰链制造厂的84名未暴露于铅的工人进行了姿势摇摆测试。在测试时对所有工人测量了血铅水平（BLL）和红细胞锌原卟啉（ZPP）浓度，并为铅暴露工人构建了总累积BLL值和时间加权平均BLL值。测试时铅暴露工人的平均BLL为38.9微克/分升，未暴露工人的平均BLL为2.3微克/分升。暴露工人的ZPP水平平均为55.2微克/分升，未暴露工人为18.9微克/分升。暴露工人的总累积BLL平均为83476微克/分升·天，平均时间加权平均BLL为35.1微克/分升。使用测力平台对所有受试者进行了六项姿势稳定性测试，包括四种双腿条件和两种单腿条件，以产生摇摆测量值用于比较。双腿条件还对视觉和本体感觉系统进行了操控。观察到所有工人的摇摆测量值与当前BLL之间存在统计学显著关联，但仅与铅暴露工人的当前BLL无关联。与长期暴露的累积测量值不存在统计学显著关联。在六项摇摆测试中，只有单腿条件显示出显著的暴露效应。结果表明，在平均BLL接近40.0微克/分升的人群中存在铅暴露影响，但仅在最具挑战性的单腿条件下。
