Dacosta O O
Department of Child Dental Health, College of Medicine, University of Lagos.
West Afr J Med. 1999 Apr-Jun;18(2):91-6.
An epidemiological survey of 1,028 children, 544 females (52.9%) and 484 males (47.1%) was carried out in Kaduna Nigeria to assess the prevalence of malocclusion in the Northern part of Nigeria. The sample population aged 11-18 years were of Northern Nigeria origin and none had received previous orthodontic treatment. From the results, normal occlusion was seen in 12.2% children, Angle's Class I malocclusion in 84.0%, 1.7% had Angle's Class II while Angle's III was observed in 2.0%. No case of Angle's Class II div 2 was seen. A reduction in the prevalence of Angle's Class II div I was seen to occur with increasing age while an increase in Angle's III malocclusion was noted in the 17-18 years age group. Spacing of the upper anterior segment was observed to occur in 45.9% of children examined while spacing of the lower anterior segment was seen in 30%. Crowding of these segments occurred in 21.6% and 36.3% respectively of the sample population. Using Jackson's method (1962) Overbite I was found to occur in 69.5% of the children examined. Deep bite (Overbite 3) occurred in only 1.6% of those examined. An overjet values of 2-4 mm was the most prevalent occurring in 70.8% of the children. A low prevalence of bimaxilliary proclination was observed (3.7%).
在尼日利亚卡杜纳对1028名儿童进行了一项流行病学调查，其中544名女性（52.9%），484名男性（47.1%），以评估尼日利亚北部错牙合畸形的患病率。样本人群年龄在11 - 18岁之间，均为尼日利亚北部血统，且均未接受过正畸治疗。结果显示，12.2%的儿童为正常咬合，84.0%为安氏I类错牙合畸形，1.7%为安氏II类错牙合畸形，2.0%为安氏III类错牙合畸形。未发现安氏II类2分类错牙合畸形病例。随着年龄增长，安氏II类1分类错牙合畸形的患病率降低，而在17 - 18岁年龄组中，安氏III类错牙合畸形有所增加。在接受检查的儿童中，45.9%观察到上前牙段间隙，30%观察到下前牙段间隙。这些牙段拥挤分别发生在样本人群的21.6%和36.3%。采用杰克逊方法（1962年），发现69.5%的受检儿童覆牙合为I度。深覆牙合（覆牙合3度）仅发生在1.6%的受检者中。2 - 4毫米的覆盖值最为常见，发生在70.8%的儿童中。观察到双颌前突的患病率较低（3.7%）。
