Wautier J L, Schmid-Schönbein G W, Nash G B
Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 1999;21(1):7-24.
The measurement of leukocyte rheology in vascular disease is a recent development with a wide range of new opportunities. The International Society of Clinical Hemorheology has asked an expert panel to propose guidelines for the investigation of leukocyte rheology in clinical situations. This article first discusses the mechanical, adhesive and related functional properties of leukocytes (especially neutrophils) which influence their circulation, and establishes the rationale for clinically-related measurements of parameters which describe them. It is concluded that quantitation of leukocyte adhesion molecules, and of their endothelial receptors may assist understanding of leukocyte behaviour in vascular disease, along with measurements of flow resistance of leukocytes, free radical production, degranulation and gene expression. For instance, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) is abnormally present on endothelial cells in atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and inflammatory conditions. Soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) or VCAM can be found elevated in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or infections disease. In the second part of the article, possible technical approaches are presented and possible avenues for leukocyte rheological investigations are discussed.
血管疾病中白细胞流变学的测量是一项新兴领域，带来了广泛的新机遇。国际临床血液流变学学会已要求一个专家小组提出在临床情况下研究白细胞流变学的指南。本文首先讨论影响白细胞（尤其是中性粒细胞）循环的机械、黏附及相关功能特性，并确立对描述这些特性的参数进行临床相关测量的基本原理。得出的结论是，白细胞黏附分子及其内皮受体的定量，可能有助于理解血管疾病中白细胞的行为，同时还包括白细胞流动阻力、自由基产生、脱颗粒和基因表达的测量。例如，血管细胞黏附分子（VCAM - 1）在动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病和炎症状态下的内皮细胞上异常存在。细胞间黏附分子（ICAM - 1）或VCAM的可溶性形式在类风湿性关节炎或感染性疾病患者的血液中会升高。在本文的第二部分，介绍了可能的技术方法，并讨论了白细胞流变学研究的可能途径。
