Fehrenbach E, Niess A M
Abteilung Transfusionsmedizin, Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet Tuebingen, Germany.
Exerc Immunol Rev. 1999;5:57-77.
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a characteristic set of highly conserved proteins that are synthesized shortly after the organism is exposed to external stress, including physical activity. HSP help to maintain cellular homeostasis and protein conformation, reactivate denatured or malformed proteins, and provide "housekeeping," translocase, and chaperone functions. Some of the conditions known to elicit the cellular stress reaction are similar to those experienced by cells in response to physical exercise. Hyperthermia, ischemia, oxidative, cytokine and muscular stress, glucose deprivation, and alterations in calcium and pH are potent inducers of HSP expression in different types of cells and tissues. This review provides an overview of the cellular heat shock response to exercise. The presently known exercise related HSP are introduced. Their possible roles in response to acute exercise, thermotolerance, adaptation to training, aging, and immunological reactions are discussed.
热休克蛋白（HSP）是一组具有特征性的高度保守的蛋白质，在生物体受到包括体育活动在内的外部应激后不久即被合成。热休克蛋白有助于维持细胞内稳态和蛋白质构象，重新激活变性或畸形的蛋白质，并提供“管家”、转位酶和伴侣功能。已知会引发细胞应激反应的一些情况与细胞对体育锻炼的反应相似。高温、缺血、氧化、细胞因子和肌肉应激、葡萄糖剥夺以及钙和pH值的改变是不同类型细胞和组织中热休克蛋白表达的有效诱导剂。本综述概述了细胞对运动的热休克反应。介绍了目前已知的与运动相关的热休克蛋白。讨论了它们在应对急性运动、热耐受性、训练适应、衰老和免疫反应中的可能作用。
