George C, West M
Department of Psychology, Mills College, Oakland, CA 94613, USA.
Br J Med Psychol. 1999 Sep;72(3):285-303. doi: 10.1348/000711299159998.
Both the developmental and social personality approaches to the study of adult attachment are concerned with understanding those factors that describe an individual's quality of relational adaptation and risk for mental ill health. This paper examines the theoretical and methodological assumptions of these alternative models and how these assumptions have markedly different implications for addressing clinical issues. It is suggested that recent evidence necessarily leads to the conclusion that mental and relational difficulties, such as partner violence and victimization, borderline personality, dissociation, suicidal behaviour and other clinical symptomology thought to be related to experiences of severe relationship distress, are best explained in terms of attachment disorganization rather than as normative forms of attachment insecurity or fearful avoidant adult romantic attachment.
成人依恋研究中的发展性和社会性人格方法都关注于理解那些描述个体关系适应质量和心理健康风险的因素。本文考察了这些不同模型的理论和方法假设，以及这些假设如何对解决临床问题有着显著不同的影响。有人认为，最近的证据必然得出这样的结论：诸如伴侣暴力与受害、边缘型人格、解离、自杀行为以及其他被认为与严重关系困扰经历相关的临床症状等心理和关系问题，用依恋紊乱来解释最为恰当，而不是将其视为依恋不安全感或恐惧回避型成人浪漫依恋的规范形式。
