Lee S S, Gerberich S G, Waller L A, Anderson A, McGovern P
Regional Injury Prevention Research Center, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Epidemiology. 1999 Nov;10(6):685-91.
Work-related violence is a major public health problem; however, there is a serious deficiency in the knowledge of risk factors for this problem. The purpose of this case-control study was to identify risk factors for work-related assault injuries among nurses. We used unconditional logistic regression to model the dependence of work-related assault injuries on each exposure of interest and the respective confounders. We found a decreased rate for the presence of security personnel (RR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.19-0.82). We found increased rates for the following factors: the perception that administrators considered assault to be part of the job (RR = 8.14; 95% CI = 3.76-17.60); having received assault prevention training in the current workplace (RR = 4.64; 95% CI = 2.33-9.23); a high (>5) vs. low (<2) patient/personnel ratio (RR = 2.54; 95% CI = 1.13-5.70); working predominantly with patients with mental illness (RR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.41-8.85); and working with patients who had more than 1- to 4-week and more than 4-week lengths of stay in the institution vs. <1 day (RR = 8.85; 95% CI = 1.58-49.52 and 4.25; 95% CI = 1.17-15.39, respectively).
工作场所暴力是一个重大的公共卫生问题；然而，对于这个问题的风险因素的认识存在严重不足。本病例对照研究的目的是确定护士工作场所遭受攻击伤害的风险因素。我们使用无条件逻辑回归来模拟工作场所遭受攻击伤害与每个感兴趣的暴露因素以及各自混杂因素之间的依存关系。我们发现，有安保人员在场时受伤率降低（相对风险 = 0.40；95%可信区间 = 0.19 - 0.82）。我们发现以下因素会导致受伤率升高：认为管理人员将攻击视为工作一部分的看法（相对风险 = 8.14；95%可信区间 = 3.76 - 17.60）；在当前工作场所接受过攻击预防培训（相对风险 = 4.64；95%可信区间 = 2.33 - 9.23）；高（>5）与低（<2）的患者/工作人员比例（相对风险 = 2.54；95%可信区间 = 1.13 - 5.70）；主要与精神疾病患者打交道（相对风险 = 3.5；95%可信区间 = 1.41 - 8.85）；以及与在机构中住院时间超过1至4周和超过4周而非<1天的患者打交道（相对风险分别为8.85；95%可信区间 = 1.58 - 49.52和4.25；95%可信区间 = 1.17 - 15.39）。
