Productivity losses without absence: measurement validation and empirical evidence.

Productivity losses without absence are scarcely discussed in the literature. In this paper, the construct validity of three different measurement instruments for productivity losses without absence is investigated. The data were collected under employees of a Dutch trade firm, not in specific patient groups. On an average day, over 7% of the respondents were working with health problems, indicating that productivity losses without absence is quite a common problem. The amount of production losses related to these health problems are relatively small. However, for specific patient groups, the costs related to these productivity losses may be substantial.