Autogenous regulation of the inducible tryptophan synthase of Pseudomonas putida.

Mutants blocked before indole-3-glycerol phosphate formation in the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway of P. putida ("early-blocked" mutants) are unable to use indole as a source of tryptophan for growth on minimal medium. The uninduced level of tryptophan synthase [EC 4.2.1.20; L-serine hydro-lyase (adding indole)] in such mutants was thought to be responsible for this property. We have shown that levels of indole higher than those previously tested will support growth of these mutants. In addition, the growth rate of these mutants on a given indole concentration was shown to be proportional to the synthase level induced under the same conditions. This apparent induction of tryptophan synthase by indole in "early-blocked" mutants was shown to be caused by formation of the normal effector molecule, indole-3-glycerol-P, from indole. Secondary mutations occur in "early-blocked" trp strains, which enable them to grow on low concentrations of indole. One type of "indole-utilization" mutation occurs in the trpA gene, inactivating its product. Tryptophan synthase is readily induced by low concentrations of indole in these mutants, even though they are unable to convert indole to indole-3-glycerol-P. We propose that the alpha-chain of the synthase has an autogenous regulatory function, serving as the repressor or the indole-3-glycerol-P recognition component of the repressor of the trpAB operon (synthase alpha-and beta-chains). Our hypothesis holds that the trpA type of "indole-utilization" mutation alters the repressor (synthase alpha-chain) so that indole as well as indole-3-glycerol-P serves as an effector molecule for tryptophan synthase induction.