Los S A
Department of Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 1999 Nov;103(1-2):173-205. doi: 10.1016/s0001-6918(99)00031-1.
Responding to stimuli of different perceptual categories is usually faster when the categories are presented isolated from each other, in pure blocks, than when they are presented randomly intermixed, in mixed blocks; a difference denoted as perceptual mixing costs. The present study examined the contribution of strategic and stimulus-driven factors to these costs. The first two experiments showed that perceptual mixing costs were not reduced when participants were informed at the start of each trial in mixed blocks about the impending category. Furthermore, Experiments 1 and 3 showed that mixing costs were concentrated on those trials of mixed blocks where the perceptual category was different from that of the preceding trial. These results support the view that perceptual mixing costs derive from stimulus-driven trial-by-trial adjustments in processing. Some general implications for processing models are discussed.
当不同感知类别在纯组块中彼此孤立呈现时，对其做出反应通常比对其在混合组块中随机混合呈现时要快；这种差异被称为感知混合成本。本研究考察了策略性因素和刺激驱动因素对这些成本的影响。前两个实验表明，在混合组块的每次试验开始时告知参与者即将出现的类别，并不会降低感知混合成本。此外，实验1和实验3表明，混合成本集中在混合组块中那些感知类别与前一次试验不同的试验上。这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即感知混合成本源自加工过程中刺激驱动的逐次调整。文中还讨论了对加工模型的一些普遍启示。
