任务转换中预期认知控制过程的发展：儿童、青少年和青年成年人的 ERP 研究。
The development of anticipatory cognitive control processes in task-switching: an ERP study in children, adolescents, and young adults.
机构信息
School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, New York, NY 10522, USA.
出版信息
Psychophysiology. 2011 Sep;48(9):1258-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01192.x. Epub 2011 Mar 3.
Abstract
To investigate the development of advance task-set updating and reconfiguration, behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) data were recorded in children (9-10 years), adolescents (13-14 years), and young adults (20-27 years) in a cued task-switching paradigm. In pure blocks, the same task was repeated. In mixed blocks, comprised of stay and switch trials, two tasks were intermixed. Age differences were found for stay-pure performance (mixing costs) in the 600-ms but not in the 1200-ms cue-target interval (CTI). Children showed larger reaction time mixing costs than adults. The ERPs suggested that the larger costs were due to delayed anticipatory task-set updating in children. Switch-stay performance decrements (switch costs) were age-invariant in both CTIs. However, ERP data suggested that children reconfigured the task-set on some stay trials, rather than only on switch trials, suggesting the continued maturation of task-set reconfiguration processes.
摘要
为了研究预先任务集更新和重新配置的发展，在 cue 式任务转换范式中，对儿童（9-10 岁）、青少年（13-14 岁）和年轻人（20-27 岁）进行了行为和事件相关电位（ERP）数据记录。在纯块中，重复相同的任务。在混合块中，由保持和转换试验组成，两个任务混合在一起。在 600ms 而不是 1200ms 线索-目标间隔（CTI）中，发现了保持-纯表现（混合成本）的年龄差异。儿童的反应时混合成本大于成人。ERP 表明，较大的成本是由于儿童在预测性任务集更新方面的延迟。在两个 CTI 中，转换-保持表现的下降（转换成本）都是与年龄无关的。然而，ERP 数据表明，儿童在一些保持试验中重新配置了任务集，而不仅仅是在转换试验中，这表明任务集重新配置过程仍在继续成熟。
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