Bitner-Mathé B C, Klaczko L B
Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Genetica. 1999;105(2):203-10. doi: 10.1023/a:1003765106652.
In this paper we use an adjusted ellipse to the contour of the wings of Drosophila as an experimental model to study phenotypic plasticity. The geometric properties of the ellipse describe the wing morphology. Size is the geometric mean of its two radii; shape is the ratio between them; and, the positions of the apexes of the longitudinal veins are determined by their angular distances to the major axis of the ellipse. Flies of an inbred laboratory strain of Drosophila melanogaster raised at two temperatures (16.5 degrees C and 25 degrees C) and two densities (10 and 100 larvae per vial) were used. One wing of at least 40 animals of each sex and environmental condition were analyzed (total = 380), a measurement of thorax length was also taken. Wing size variation could be approximately divided into two components: one related to shape variation and the other shape independent. The latter was influenced primarily by temperature, while the former was related to sex and density. A general pattern could be identified for the shape dependent variation: when wings become larger they become longer and the second, fourth and fifth longitudinal veins get closer to the tip of the wing.
在本文中，我们使用一个针对果蝇翅膀轮廓调整后的椭圆作为实验模型来研究表型可塑性。椭圆的几何特性描述了翅膀形态。大小是其两个半径的几何平均值；形状是它们之间的比值；并且，纵脉顶点的位置由它们与椭圆长轴的角距离确定。使用了在两种温度（16.5摄氏度和25摄氏度）和两种密度（每管10只和100只幼虫）下饲养的黑腹果蝇近交实验室品系的果蝇。对每种性别和环境条件下至少40只动物的一侧翅膀进行了分析（总共380只），同时还测量了胸长。翅膀大小变化大致可分为两个部分：一个与形状变化有关，另一个与形状无关。后者主要受温度影响，而前者与性别和密度有关。对于形状依赖性变化可以识别出一个一般模式：当翅膀变大时，它们会变长，并且第二、第四和第五纵脉会更靠近翅膀尖端。
