Decker M J, Hintermeister R A, Faber K J, Hawkins R J
Steadman Hawkins, Sports Medicine Foundation, Vail, Colorado 81657, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 1999 Nov-Dec;27(6):784-91. doi: 10.1177/03635465990270061601.
The purpose of this study was to document the electromyographic activity and applied resistance associated with eight scapulohumeral exercises performed below shoulder height. We used this information to design a continuum of serratus anterior muscle exercises for progressive rehabilitation or training. Five muscles in 20 healthy subjects were studied with surface electrodes for the following exercises: shoulder extension, forward punch, serratus anterior punch, dynamic hug, scaption (with external rotation), press-up, push-up plus, and knee push-up plus. Electromyographic data were collected from the middle serratus anterior, upper and middle trapezius, and anterior and posterior deltoid muscles. Each exercise was partitioned into phases of increasing and decreasing force and analyzed for average and peak electromyographic amplitude. Resistance was provided by body weight, an elastic cord, or dumbbells. The serratus anterior punch, scaption, dynamic hug, knee push-up plus, and push-up plus exercises consistently elicited serratus anterior muscle activity greater than 20% maximal voluntary contraction. The exercises that maintained an upwardly rotated scapula while accentuating scapular protraction, such as the push-up plus and the newly designed dynamic hug, elicited the greatest electromyographic activity from the serratus anterior muscle.
本研究的目的是记录与在肩以下高度进行的八项肩胛肱骨练习相关的肌电图活动和施加的阻力。我们利用这些信息设计了一系列前锯肌练习，用于渐进性康复或训练。使用表面电极对20名健康受试者的五块肌肉进行了以下练习的研究：肩部伸展、前冲拳、前锯肌冲拳、动态拥抱、肩外展（伴外旋）、俯卧撑、标准俯卧撑加、跪姿标准俯卧撑加。从前锯肌中部、斜方肌上中部以及三角肌前后束收集肌电图数据。每个练习被分为力量增加和减少阶段，并分析平均和峰值肌电图幅度。阻力由体重、弹力带或哑铃提供。前锯肌冲拳、肩外展、动态拥抱、跪姿标准俯卧撑加和标准俯卧撑加练习始终能引起前锯肌活动大于最大自主收缩的20%。在强调肩胛骨前伸的同时保持肩胛骨上旋的练习，如标准俯卧撑加和新设计的动态拥抱，能从前锯肌引出最大的肌电图活动。
