Steadman H J, Deane M W, Morrissey J P, Westcott M L, Salasin S, Shapiro S
Policy Research Associates, Delmar, New York 12054, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 1999 Dec;50(12):1620-3. doi: 10.1176/ps.50.12.1620.
For nearly 30 years jail diversion programs have had wide support as a way to prevent people with mental illnesses and substance use disorders from unnecessarily entering the criminal justice system by providing more appropriate community-based treatment. Although these programs have had wide support, very few systematic outcomes studies have examined their effectiveness. This paper discusses findings on rates of incarceration of persons with serious mental illness and co-occurring substance use disorders in U.S. jails, summarizes recently completed research on jail diversion programs, and describes a three-year research initiative begun in 1997 by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration that uses a standardized protocol to examine the characteristics and outcomes of various types of jail diversion programs in nine sites throughout the U.S.
近30年来，监狱分流项目一直得到广泛支持，该项目旨在通过提供更合适的社区治疗，防止患有精神疾病和物质使用障碍的人不必要地进入刑事司法系统。尽管这些项目得到了广泛支持，但很少有系统性的结果研究来检验其有效性。本文讨论了美国监狱中患有严重精神疾病和并发物质使用障碍者的监禁率调查结果，总结了最近完成的关于监狱分流项目的研究，并介绍了药物滥用和精神健康服务管理局于1997年启动的一项为期三年的研究计划，该计划使用标准化方案来研究美国九个地点各类监狱分流项目的特点和结果。
