Draine J, Solomon P
Department of Psychiatry and School of Social Work, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-2648, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 1999 Jan;50(1):56-61. doi: 10.1176/ps.50.1.56.
Despite efforts over the last 30 years to promote diversion from jail for individuals with serious mental illness who have engaged in criminal behavior, few jail diversion programs have been adequately studied. To guide development of jail diversion services and encourage empirical research on their effectiveness, the authors describe the overall concept of jail diversion and the basic operations of such a program. They also outline research issues in evaluating the effectiveness of jail diversion programs, including problems encountered in randomized field trials and quasiexperimental designs. Implications of jail diversion services for mental health professionals include learning how to collaborate with law enforcement personnel, sufficiently integrating mental health and substance abuse services into the criminal justice system despite segregated funding streams, and ensuring that clients who are intensively monitored are also provided with adequate treatment to avoid jail recidivism.
尽管在过去30年里一直努力推动将有严重精神疾病且实施了犯罪行为的人从监狱中转出，但很少有监狱转处项目得到充分研究。为指导监狱转处服务的发展并鼓励对其有效性进行实证研究，作者阐述了监狱转处的总体概念以及此类项目的基本运作。他们还概述了评估监狱转处项目有效性时的研究问题，包括随机现场试验和准实验设计中遇到的问题。监狱转处服务对心理健康专业人员的启示包括学习如何与执法人员合作，尽管资金来源分开，但仍要将心理健康和药物滥用服务充分融入刑事司法系统，并确保对受到密切监控的客户也提供足够的治疗以避免再次入狱。
