Bodyak N, Slotnick B
Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Chem Senses. 1999 Dec;24(6):637-45. doi: 10.1093/chemse/24.6.637.
Mice were trained on a variety of odor detection and discrimination tasks in 100- or 200-trial sessions using a go, no-go discrete trials operant conditioning procedure. Odors, presented for 1 s on each trial, were generated by an air dilution olfactometer (for threshold tests) and an easily constructed eight-channel liquid dilution unit (for two- and multiple-odor discrimination tasks). Mice rapidly acquired the operant task and demonstrated excellent stimulus control by odor vapors. Their absolute detection threshold for ethyl acetate was similar to that obtained with rats using similar methods. They readily acquired four separate two-odor discrimination tasks and continued to perform well when all eight odors were presented in random order in the same session and when reinforcement probability for correct responding was decreased from 1 to 0.5. Memory for these eight odors, assessed under extinction after a 32 day rest period, was essentially perfect. Time spent sampling the odor on S+ and S- trials was highly correlated with response accuracy. When accuracy was at chance levels (e.g. initial trials on a novel task), stimulus sampling time on both S+ and S- trials was approximately 0.5-0.7 s. As response accuracy increased, sampling time on S+ trials tended to increase and remain higher than sampling time on S- trials.
使用“去/不去”离散试验操作性条件反射程序，让小鼠在100次或200次试验的 sessions 中接受各种气味检测和辨别任务的训练。每次试验中呈现1秒的气味，由空气稀释嗅觉计（用于阈值测试）和一个易于构建的八通道液体稀释装置（用于两种和多种气味辨别任务）产生。小鼠迅速掌握了操作性任务，并表现出对气味蒸汽的出色刺激控制。它们对乙酸乙酯的绝对检测阈值与使用类似方法对大鼠获得的阈值相似。它们很容易掌握四个单独的两种气味辨别任务，并且当在同一会话中以随机顺序呈现所有八种气味以及正确反应的强化概率从1降低到0.5时，它们仍继续表现良好。在32天的休息期后在消退条件下评估的对这八种气味的记忆基本完美。在S+和S-试验中采样气味所花费的时间与反应准确性高度相关。当准确性处于随机水平时（例如新任务的初始试验），S+和S-试验中的刺激采样时间约为0.5 - 0.7秒。随着反应准确性的提高，S+试验中的采样时间趋于增加并保持高于S-试验中的采样时间。
