Essex E L, Seltzer M M, Krauss M W
Jane Addams College of Social Work (MC 309), University of Illinois at Chicago 60607-7134, USA.
Am J Ment Retard. 1999 Nov;104(6):545-63. doi: 10.1352/0895-8017(1999)104<0545:DICEAW>2.0.CO;2.
In this longitudinal study, we examined stress and coping processes among 133 married mothers (age 59 to 83) and fathers (age 56 to 84) of adults with mental retardation (age 19 to 53). There were no differences between mothers and fathers with respect to their frequency of use of emotion-focused coping, but mothers used significantly more problem-focused coping strategies than did their husbands. For mothers, greater use of problem-focused coping strategies and lower use of emotion-focused coping buffered the impacts of caregiving stress on their psychological well-being. However, for fathers, no buffering effects of coping were detected. The implications of gender differences in coping effects were examined in the context of the impact of lifelong caregiving.
在这项纵向研究中，我们调查了133名已婚母亲（年龄在59至83岁之间）和父亲（年龄在56至84岁之间），他们的成年子女患有智力障碍（年龄在19至53岁之间）。在使用以情绪为中心的应对方式的频率方面，母亲和父亲之间没有差异，但母亲使用以问题为中心的应对策略的频率明显高于她们的丈夫。对于母亲来说，更多地使用以问题为中心的应对策略和较少地使用以情绪为中心的应对方式，缓冲了照顾压力对其心理健康的影响。然而，对于父亲来说，未检测到应对方式的缓冲作用。在终身照顾影响的背景下，研究了应对效果中性别差异的影响。
