Crescimanno C, Marzioni D, Paradinas F J, Schrurs B, Mühlhauser J, Todros T, Newlands E, David G, Castellucci M
Institute of Anatomy and Histology, University of Verona, Italy.
J Pathol. 1999 Dec;189(4):600-8. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199912)189:4<600::AID-PATH440>3.0.CO;2-Q.
Syndecans (syn-1, -2, -3, -4) and glypican-1 are proteoglycans expressed during development in association with changes in tissue organization and differentiation. They participate in the modulation of growth factor actions and in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. The expression of syn-1, -2, -3, -4, and glypican-1 has been studied in normal human placenta and in gestational trophoblastic disease such as hydatidiform mole, invasive mole, and choriocarcinoma, using immunohistochemistry and western blots. Syndecan-3 was not expressed in normal or pathological tissues. During normal gestation, the other proteoglycans showed a specific staining pattern, which for some was modified during pregnancy. For instance, syn-1 was only expressed in syncytiotrophoblast; syn-4 was mainly localized in the villous and extravillous cytotrophoblast in the first trimester, whereas at term it was expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast. The most striking results are the altered expression patterns of syndecans and glypican-1 in pathological tissues. These proteoglycans showed a progressive decrease of immunostaining related to the increase of severity of trophoblastic disease, in particular in invasive mole and choriocarcinoma. In addition, dysregulation in the localization of the expression patterns was observed for syn-2 and -4. Because changes in syndecan expression enable cells to become more or less responsive to their micro-environment, the down-regulation and/or dysregulation of syndecans in relation to the degree of severity of trophoblastic diseases provides new insights into the progression of these pathologies.
Syndecans（syndecan-1、-2、-3、-4）和磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖-1是在发育过程中表达的蛋白聚糖，与组织组织和分化的变化相关。它们参与生长因子作用的调节以及细胞间和细胞与基质的粘附。使用免疫组织化学和蛋白质印迹法，研究了syndecan-1、-2、-3、-4和磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖-1在正常人类胎盘中以及在妊娠滋养细胞疾病（如葡萄胎、侵袭性葡萄胎和绒毛膜癌）中的表达。Syndecan-3在正常或病理组织中均未表达。在正常妊娠期间，其他蛋白聚糖表现出特定的染色模式，其中一些在妊娠期间会发生改变。例如，syndecan-1仅在合体滋养层细胞中表达；syndecan-4在孕早期主要定位于绒毛和绒毛外细胞滋养层，而在足月时则在合体滋养层细胞中表达。最显著的结果是syndecans和磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖-1在病理组织中的表达模式发生改变。这些蛋白聚糖的免疫染色随着滋养细胞疾病严重程度的增加而逐渐降低，特别是在侵袭性葡萄胎和绒毛膜癌中。此外，还观察到syndecan-2和-4表达模式定位的失调。由于syndecan表达的变化使细胞对其微环境的反应或多或少有所不同，因此syndecans与滋养细胞疾病严重程度相关的下调和/或失调为这些疾病的进展提供了新的见解。
