Bowers L, Jarrett M, Clark N, Kiyimba F, McFarlane L
St Bartholomew School of Nursing and Midwifery, City University, London, UK.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 1999 Jun;6(3):207-11. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2850.1999.630207.x.
Information about how and when patients abscond from acute psychiatric wards may provide important clues to effective prevention strategies. This paper reports relevant findings from a large scale study of absconding conducted in the East End of London. In contrast to the findings in previous studies, the vast majority of absconders left from the ward directly, mostly via the front door. Some were known to be at risk of absconding, and although more than half had declared their intention to leave, they still succeeded in getting away. On some occasions they circumvented locked or guarded doors, or special nursing observation. Shift handovers were a peak time for absconds, possibly due to decreased nursing surveillance of the ward. Most absconds occur during the first few weeks of admission, and most absconders simply went home and engaged in normal, everyday activities. The findings indicate that physical security measures alone are not a sufficient answer to the problem of absconding, and nurses need to work harder to develop supportive alliances with patients.
关于患者如何以及何时逃离急性精神病病房的信息可能为有效的预防策略提供重要线索。本文报告了在伦敦东区进行的一项关于逃跑的大规模研究的相关结果。与先前研究的结果相反，绝大多数逃跑者直接从病房离开，大多从前门出去。一些人已知有逃跑风险，尽管超过一半的人已表明他们打算离开，但他们仍成功逃脱。在某些情况下，他们绕过了锁着或有人看守的门，或避开了特殊的护理观察。交接班是逃跑的高峰期，这可能是由于病房护理监督减少所致。大多数逃跑事件发生在入院后的头几周，大多数逃跑者只是回家并从事正常的日常活动。研究结果表明，仅靠物理安全措施不足以解决逃跑问题，护士需要更加努力地与患者建立支持性的联盟。
