Johnson S C, Gerber J G
Department of Medicine, University Hospital HIV/AIDS Clinical Program, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, USA.
Adv Intern Med. 2000;45:1-40.
Advances in HIV/AIDS therapy have been rapid and profound. An improved understanding of HIV pathogenesis has demonstrated the need for aggressive antiretroviral therapy in most persons with HIV infection. Combinations of at least three drugs are necessary to fully suppress viral replication. Suppression of viral replication prevents the development of drug resistance and allows immune reconstitution to occur. Current therapies do have limitations including side effects, cross-resistance, adherence challenges, and drug interactions. However, most patients have derived great benefit from these therapies. The consequences of immune reconstitution have included resolution of existing opportunistic infections and a markedly reduced risk of new infections. In certain settings, immune reconstitution may allow the discontinuation of opportunistic infection prophylaxis or treatments. The net result has been a substantial improvement in the quality and quantity of life for HIV-infected patients.
艾滋病病毒/艾滋病治疗进展迅速且意义重大。对艾滋病病毒发病机制的深入了解表明，大多数感染艾滋病病毒的人都需要积极的抗逆转录病毒治疗。至少三种药物联合使用对于充分抑制病毒复制是必要的。抑制病毒复制可防止耐药性的产生，并使免疫重建得以发生。目前的治疗方法确实存在局限性，包括副作用、交叉耐药、服药依从性挑战以及药物相互作用。然而，大多数患者已从这些治疗中获益匪浅。免疫重建的结果包括现有机会性感染得到缓解以及新感染风险显著降低。在某些情况下，免疫重建可能允许停止机会性感染的预防或治疗。最终结果是艾滋病病毒感染患者的生活质量和寿命都有了显著改善。
