Thöne A I, Zysset S D, von Cramon D Y
Day-Care Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1999 Dec;21(6):798-815. doi: 10.1076/jcen.21.6.798.861.
Retrieval from long-term memory in patients with brain injuries was investigated with a memory scanning paradigm (Conway & Engle, 1994), that allows dissociation of scanning processes within short-term memory and memory retrieval processes from long-term memory. The study focused on the influence of brain injury on memory retrieval processes that are assumed to be automatic. Thirteen patients with memory impairment and 13 healthy matched control subjects were tested. In general, patients showed increased reaction times, but they showed set size independent retrieval from long-term memory indicating preserved automatic retrieval processes. In a subgroup of patients with more severe memory deficits, however, automatic retrieval processes appeared not to be intact. Learning profiles of the patients were characterized by smaller item chunks, indicating differences in the process of information acquisition.
采用记忆扫描范式（康威和恩格尔，1994年）对脑损伤患者的长期记忆提取进行了研究，该范式能够区分短期记忆中的扫描过程和长期记忆中的记忆提取过程。该研究聚焦于脑损伤对假定为自动的记忆提取过程的影响。对13名记忆受损患者和13名健康对照受试者进行了测试。总体而言，患者的反应时间增加，但他们表现出与组块大小无关的长期记忆提取，表明自动提取过程得以保留。然而，在记忆缺陷更严重的患者亚组中，自动提取过程似乎并不完整。患者的学习概况以较小的项目组块为特征，表明信息获取过程存在差异。
