Lam B L, Lee D J, Gómez-Marín O
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2000 Mar;7(1):73-83.
The purpose of this study was to perform comparative analyses of the population-based prevalence of usual-corrected binocular distance visual acuity impairment among Hispanics and non-Hispanics in the United States.
Data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES), 1982-1984, and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Augmentation Survey I (NHANES I-A), 1974-1975, were analyzed to investigate the epidemiology of usual-corrected binocular distance acuity in adults 25 to 74 years of age among Cuban-Americans (N=396), Mexican-Americans (N=1,381), Puerto Ricans (N=513), African-Americans (N=250), and non-Hispanic white Americans (N=2, 660). Binocular distance acuity was assessed using Sloan Letters or Landolt Rings with the participants wearing their corrective lenses, if any.
Prevalences of 20/50 or worse usual-corrected binocular distance acuity were 3.5%, 4.6%, and 6.6% for Cuban-Americans, Mexican-Americans, and Puerto Ricans, respectively, in the HHANES; and 7.7% and 4.1% for African-Americans and non-Hispanic whites, respectively, in the NHANES I-A. Within the HHANES, after adjustment for gender and age, Puerto Rican adults were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of visual impairment (20/50 or worse) and were significantly less likely to become unimpaired with usual correction than Cuban-American adults. Within the NHANES I-A, African-Americans were found to have a higher prevalence of visual impairment (20/50 or worse) and were significantly less likely to become unimpaired with usual correction than non-Hispanic whites. Higher prevalences of visual impairment (20/50 or worse) were associated with increasing age for all ethnic groups. After controlling for age, odds of usual-corrected visual impairment (20/50 or worse) were significantly higher in women than in men for Cuban-Americans and Mexican-Americans (odds ratios: 4.5 and 2.6, respectively).
The results from this study suggest that compared to other Hispanic groups and non-Hispanic whites, Puerto Rican and African-American adults may not be receiving similar eye care services and/or may have more severe eye diseases.
本研究旨在对美国西班牙裔和非西班牙裔人群中常规矫正双眼远视力损害的患病率进行比较分析。
分析了1982 - 1984年西班牙裔健康与营养检查调查（HHANES）以及1974 - 1975年国家健康与营养检查补充调查I（NHANES I - A）的数据，以调查25至74岁成年人中古巴裔美国人（N = 396）、墨西哥裔美国人（N = 1381）、波多黎各裔美国人（N = 513）、非裔美国人（N = 250）和非西班牙裔美国白人（N = 2660）常规矫正双眼远视力的流行病学情况。如果参与者佩戴矫正眼镜，则使用斯隆字母或兰多尔特环评估双眼远视力。
在HHANES中，古巴裔美国人、墨西哥裔美国人和波多黎各裔美国人中常规矫正双眼远视力为20/50或更差的患病率分别为3.5%、4.6%和6.6%；在NHANES I - A中，非裔美国人和非西班牙裔白人的患病率分别为7.7%和4.1%。在HHANES中，在对性别和年龄进行调整后，发现波多黎各裔成年人视力损害（20/50或更差）的患病率显著更高，并且与古巴裔美国成年人相比，通过常规矫正恢复正常视力的可能性显著更低。在NHANES I - A中，发现非裔美国人视力损害（
