Lee D J, Gomez-Marin O, Lam B L
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida, USA.
Ophthalmology. 1998 Mar;105(3):552-60. doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(98)93042-1.
This study aimed to provide a comparative analysis of American population-based prevalence of uncorrected binocular distance visual acuity in Hispanics and non-Hispanics.
The study design was a population-based survey.
Data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 1982 and 1984 and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I from 1974 through 1975 were analyzed to investigate the epidemiology of uncorrected binocular distance visual acuity in adults 25 to 74 years of age in Cuban Americans (N = 391), Mexican Americans (N = 1350), Puerto Ricans (N = 504), African Americans (N = 245), and non-Hispanic white Americans (N = 2571).
Uncorrected binocular distance visual acuity in both eyes was assessed using Sloan letters or Landolt rings.
Prevalence rates of 20/50 or worse uncorrected binocular distance visual acuity were 22%, 24%, 19%, 18%, and 32% for African Americans, Cuban Americans, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and non-Hispanic whites, respectively. After adjustment for gender and age, the rates were significantly higher (P < 0.05) for non-Hispanic whites compared to each of the other ethnic groups. Significant increases in the prevalence of 20/50 or worse distance visual acuity were observed for increasing age groups (25-39, 40-59, and 60-74 years) within each gender-ethnic subgroup. Analysis of differences in prevalence by gender (controlling for age) indicated a slightly higher prevalence of 20/50 or worse distance visual acuity in women than in men (range of odds ratios, 1.1-2.1). Based on 1993 census population estimates in the United States, more than 42 million adults 25 to 74 years of age have an uncorrected binocular distance visual acuity of 20/50 or worse. Approximately 1.7 million of these adults are of Hispanic origin.
The prevalence of impaired uncorrected binocular distance visual acuity generally is lower in Hispanics than in non-Hispanic whites.
本研究旨在对西班牙裔和非西班牙裔美国人中未矫正双眼远视力的人群患病率进行比较分析。
本研究设计为基于人群的调查。
分析了1982年至1984年西班牙裔健康与营养检查调查以及1974年至1975年第一次全国健康与营养检查调查的数据，以调查25至74岁成年古巴裔美国人（N = 391）、墨西哥裔美国人（N = 1350）、波多黎各裔美国人（N = 504）、非裔美国人（N = 245）和非西班牙裔白人美国人（N = 2571）中未矫正双眼远视力的流行病学情况。
使用斯隆字母或兰多尔特环评估双眼未矫正的远视力。
非裔美国人、古巴裔美国人、墨西哥裔美国人、波多黎各裔美国人和非西班牙裔白人中，未矫正双眼远视力为20/50或更差的患病率分别为22%、24%、19%、18%和32%。在对性别和年龄进行调整后，非西班牙裔白人的患病率显著高于其他各民族群体（P < 0.05）。在每个性别 - 民族亚组中，随着年龄组（25 - 39岁、40 - 59岁和60 - 74岁）的增加，20/50或更差远视力的患病率显著上升。按性别分析患病率差异（控制年龄）表明，女性中20/50或更差远视力的患病率略高于男性（优势比范围为1.1 - 2.1）。根据1993年美国人口普查估计，超过4200万25至74岁的成年人双眼未矫正远视力为20/50或更差。这些成年人中约有170万是西班牙裔。
西班牙裔中未矫正双眼远视力受损的患病率总体低于非西班牙裔白人。
