Magram G, Liakos A M
St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Neurol Res. 2000 Jan;22(1):4-18. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2000.11741032.
The ability of the central nervous system (CNS) to store and release fluid energy plays an important role in both health and disease. The stored fluid energy is the product of the fluid volume and pressure. How changes in CNS fluid (CSF, blood, or extracellular fluid) energy are distributed is determined by the compliance of the fluid containers and their arrangement. Hydrocephalus and related diseases not only interfere with the absorption of CSF but also interfere with the exchange of CSF in response to positional changes, cardiorespiratory and intraperitoneal energy changes. While shunts allow for the diversion of CSF when the intracranial energy exceeds the absorbing receptacle energy, they do not normalize the return of CSF to the intracranial compartment as needed with the intracranial blood volume or pressure decreases (the accumulator function of the CNS's CSF). A CSF shunt that has an artificial accumulator proximal to the valve can potentially restore the accumulator function towards normal and prevent some of the complications associated with CSF overdrainage.
中枢神经系统（CNS）储存和释放流体能量的能力在健康和疾病中都起着重要作用。储存的流体能量是流体体积和压力的乘积。中枢神经系统流体（脑脊液、血液或细胞外液）能量的变化如何分布取决于流体容器的顺应性及其排列方式。脑积水及相关疾病不仅会干扰脑脊液的吸收，还会干扰脑脊液因体位变化、心肺和腹腔内能量变化而进行的交换。虽然分流器在颅内能量超过吸收容器能量时可使脑脊液分流，但当颅内血容量或压力降低时，它们无法根据需要使脑脊液正常回流至颅内腔室（中枢神经系统脑脊液的蓄积功能）。在瓣膜近端设有人工蓄积器的脑脊液分流器有可能使蓄积功能恢复正常，并预防一些与脑脊液过度引流相关的并发症。
