Hofmeister J F, Scheckenbach A F, Clayton S H
Am J Psychiatry. 1979 Apr;136(4A):396-400.
The authors report the development of a short-term behavioral therapy program for chronically hospitalized schizophrenic patients who had responded only minimally in a therapeutic community. The basic program was a token economy, which concentrated on personal care activities, productive activities, and leisure activities, combined with drug treatment. During the first 9 months of the program 105 patients were admitted and 79 were discharged--24 to nursing or group homes and 47 to their own home or family. At 1-year follow-up 62 patients were still in the community without any readmissions. The findings that a token economy can be effective with chronic patients at comparatively little additional expense has broad implications for custodial care facilities with limited resources.
作者报告了一项针对长期住院的精神分裂症患者的短期行为治疗项目的开展情况，这些患者在治疗社区中的反应甚微。基本项目是代币经济，它专注于个人护理活动、生产活动和休闲活动，并结合药物治疗。在该项目的前9个月，105名患者入院，79名患者出院——24名转入疗养院或集体之家，47名回到自己家中或家人身边。在1年的随访中，62名患者仍在社区中，没有再次入院。代币经济能够以相对较少的额外费用对慢性病患者产生效果，这一发现对资源有限的监护护理机构具有广泛的意义。
