Department of Cell Biology, Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Sci Adv. 2024 Mar 22;10(12):eadj4387. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adj4387.
Much is known about molecular mechanisms by which animals detect pathogenic microbes, but how animals sense beneficial microbes remains poorly understood. The roundworm is a microbivore that must distinguish nutritive microbes from pathogens. We characterized a neural circuit used by to rapidly discriminate between nutritive bacteria and pathogens. Distinct sensory neuron populations responded to chemical cues from nutritive and pathogenic , and these neural signals are decoded by downstream AIB interneurons. The polyamine metabolites cadaverine, putrescine, and spermidine produced by activate this neural circuit and elicit positive chemotaxis. Our study shows how polyamine odorants can be sensed by animals as proxies for microbe identity and suggests that, hence, polyamines might have widespread roles brokering host-microbe interactions.
人们对动物检测病原微生物的分子机制了解颇多，但动物如何感知有益微生物仍知之甚少。秀丽隐杆线虫是一种微生物食者，它必须区分有营养的微生物和病原体。我们描述了线虫用于快速区分有营养的细菌和病原体的神经回路。不同的感觉神经元群对有营养的和病原性的细菌的化学线索作出反应，这些神经信号由下游的 AIB 中间神经元进行解码。由 产生的多胺代谢物尸胺、腐胺和亚精胺激活这个神经回路并引发正向趋化性。我们的研究表明，动物如何将多胺气味作为微生物身份的替代物来感知，这表明，因此，多胺可能在广泛的范围内发挥作用，调解宿主-微生物的相互作用。
