Dennis B P, Neese J B
Department of Nursing, North Carolina Central University, Durham, USA.
Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2000 Feb;14(1):3-11. doi: 10.1016/s0883-9417(00)80003-5.
Factors influencing the recruitment and retention of African Americans into research studies are not well understood. Studies show that their numbers continue to be low in clinical trials and other nursing studies. However, African Americans have disproportionately high incidences of disease, illness, and death, an important reason for their inclusion in ongoing research. Two urban, community-based intervention studies with elderly African American participants are used to show different issues and strategies in recruitment and retention. The sample selection and attrition experiences in the studies are examined using 3 theoretical approaches. Six concepts emerge as fundamental to successful recruitment and retention of diverse population groups: (1) historical cognizance; (2) sanctioning; (3) trust-building; (4) mutuality; (5) recognition of heterogeneity; and (6) researcher self-reflection and introspection.
影响非裔美国人参与研究招募和留存的因素尚未得到充分理解。研究表明，在临床试验和其他护理研究中，他们的参与人数仍然很少。然而，非裔美国人在疾病、患病和死亡方面的发生率高得不成比例，这是将他们纳入正在进行的研究的一个重要原因。两项针对老年非裔美国参与者的城市社区干预研究被用来展示招募和留存方面的不同问题及策略。使用三种理论方法来审视研究中的样本选择和损耗情况。六个概念成为成功招募和留存不同人群的基础：（1）历史认知；（2）认可；（3）建立信任；（4）相互性；（5）认识到异质性；（6）研究者的自我反思和内省。
