Designing and implementing a 'dual diagnosis' module: a review of the literature and some preliminary findings.

People with a learning disability experience the full range of mental health problems, with prevalence greater than in the general population. The literature suggests that the move to community care has highlighted their special needs, as they face a complexity of life experiences and risks. Nurses play a key role, and must be equipped with appropriate knowledge and expertise to respond to the mental health problems of people with a learning disability ('dual diagnosis'). Major national initiatives support research and propose access to appropriate education for care professionals. In order to respond to locally identified educational needs a 'dual diagnosis' module was developed for nurses working with people with a learning disability who experienced mental health difficulties. The aims were to increase knowledge, to consider implications for learning disability nursing, to increase awareness of research and policy issues, and ultimately to enhance practice. Preliminary findings suggest that participants have moved from an entry position of professional bias and lack of knowledge and skill, to a changed perspective and enhanced practice relating to the mental health needs of clients with a learning disability. These changes are, however, speculative and may be attributable to variables other than module completion. Implications for further research and development are suggested.