膳食反式α-亚麻酸对血脂及血小板脂肪酸组成的影响：反式亚麻酸研究（TransLinE研究）

The effect of dietary trans alpha-linolenic acid on plasma lipids and platelet fatty acid composition: the TransLinE study.

作者信息

Sébédio J L, Vermunt S H, Chardigny J M, Beaufrère B, Mensink R P, Armstrong R A, Christie W W, Niemelä J, Hénon G, Riemersma R A

机构信息

INRA, Unité de Nutrition Lipidique, Dijon, France.

出版信息

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000 Feb;54(2):104-13. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600903.

DOI:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600903

PMID:10694780

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To collect (i) baseline data and (ii) execute a large multicentre study examining the effect of trans alpha-linolenic acid on its incorporation into plasma lipids and on risk factors for coronary heart disease.

DESIGN

Male volunteers were recruited and the habitual diet assessed by a 4-d weighed record. Fatty acid composition of plasma and platelet lipids were determined by gas chromatography at baseline. After a 6 week run-in period on a trans 'free' diet, male volunteers were randomised to consume 0.6 % of energy trans alpha-linolenic acid or to continue with a diet 'low' in trans alpha-linolenic acid for 6 weeks.

SETTING

Three European university research departments supported by the research and development departments of the food industry.

SUBJECTS

Male volunteers (88) recruited by local advertisement.

METHODS

Replacement of 30 % of the fat of the habitual diet by margarine, oil and foods. Rapeseed oil was deodorised especially to produce the trans 'free' and 'high' trans foods for this study. The incorporation and conversion of trans alpha-linolenic acid into plasma lipids and platelets was assessed by gas chromatography and dietary compliance was verified by 4-d weighed record.

RESULTS

Less trans alpha-linolenic acid isomers are incorporated into human plasma lipids in French volunteers than in Dutch or Scottish volunteers consuming their habitual diets. Trans 'free' alpha-linolenic acid-rich oil can be produced by careful deodorization during refining. The 'high' trans diet provided 1410+/-42 mg/d trans isomers of alpha-linolenic acid, whilst the 'low' trans group consumed 60+/-75 mg/d. The change in plasma lipid and platelet fatty acid composition documented that trans linolenic isomers are incorporated and converted to a trans isomer of eicosapentaenoic acid. Only the 15-trans alpha-linolenic acid is incorporated into plasma cholesteryl esters. The group consuming low trans diet had a slightly higher intake of fat, especially saturated and monounsaturated fat.

CONCLUSIONS

Trans 'free' rapeseed oil, rich in alpha-linolenic acid, can be produced by careful deodorization. Dietary records show good compliance. Dietary trans isomers of alpha-linolenic acid are incorporated in plasma lipids and converted to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Their effects on risk factors for coronary heart disease and their metabolism will be reported elsewhere.

SPONSORSHIP

European Commission (FAIR 95-0594 grant). European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2000) 54, 104-113

摘要

目的

（i）收集基线数据；（ii）开展一项大型多中心研究，考察反式α-亚麻酸对其掺入血浆脂质及对冠心病危险因素的影响。

设计

招募男性志愿者，通过4天称重记录评估其日常饮食。在基线时采用气相色谱法测定血浆和血小板脂质的脂肪酸组成。在进行6周的无反式脂肪酸饮食导入期后，将男性志愿者随机分为两组，一组摄入占能量0.6%的反式α-亚麻酸，另一组继续食用反式α-亚麻酸含量“低”的饮食，为期6周。

地点

由食品工业研发部门支持的三个欧洲大学研究部门。

研究对象

通过当地广告招募的男性志愿者（88名）。

方法

用人造黄油、油和食物替代日常饮食中30%的脂肪。对菜籽油进行特殊除臭处理，以生产本研究所需的“无反式”和“高反式”食物。采用气相色谱法评估反式α-亚麻酸掺入血浆脂质和血小板的情况，并通过4天称重记录核实饮食依从性。

结果

与食用日常饮食的荷兰或苏格兰志愿者相比，法国志愿者摄入人体血浆脂质中的反式α-亚麻酸异构体较少。通过精炼过程中的仔细除臭可生产出富含反式“无”α-亚麻酸的油。“高反式”饮食组每天提供1410±42毫克反式α-亚麻酸异构体，而“低反式”组每天摄入60±75毫克。血浆脂质和血小板脂肪酸组成的变化表明，反式亚麻酸异构体被掺入并转化为二十碳五烯酸的反式异构体。只有15-反式α-亚麻酸被掺入血浆胆固醇酯中。食用低反式饮食组的脂肪摄入量略高，尤其是饱和脂肪和单不饱和脂肪。