Vermunt S H, Beaufrère B, Riemersma R A, Sébédio J L, Chardigny J M, Mensink R P
Maastricht University, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Br J Nutr. 2001 Mar;85(3):387-92. doi: 10.1079/bjn2000270.
isomers of alpha-linolenic acid, which are formed by deodorization of refined vegetable oils, can be found in significant amounts in edible oils. Effects of trans alpha-linolenic acid on plasma lipoproteins are unknown. We therefore investigated the effects of trans alpha-linolenic acid on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in healthy European men. Eighty-eight healthy men from three European countries (France, Scotland, UK and the Netherlands) first consumed for 6 weeks a diet with experimental oils 'free' of trans fatty acids (run-in period). For the next 6 weeks, they were randomly allocated to a diet with experimental oils 'high' or 'low' in trans alpha-linolenic acid. Daily total trans alpha-linolenic acid intake in the high trans group was 1410 (range 583-2642) mg. Experimental oils were provided as such, or incorporated into margarines, cheeses, muffins and biscuits. The high trans alpha-linolenic acid diet significantly increased the plasma LDL-:HDL-cholesterol ratio by 8.1 % (95 % CI 1.4, 15.3; and the total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio by 5.1 % (95 % CI 0.4, 9.9; compared with the low-trans diet. This was largely explained by an increase in LDL-cholesterol on the high-trans diet, while no change was observed in the low-trans group (mean treatment effect of 4.7 % (95 % CI -0.8, 10.5; No effects were found on total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols, apolipoprotein B and A-1, and lipoprotein(a) concentrations. In conclusion, trans alpha-linolenic acid may increase plasma LDL-:HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratios. Whether diet-induced changes in these ratios truly affects the risk for CHD remains to be established.
反式α-亚麻酸异构体是通过精炼植物油脱臭形成的，在食用油中含量可观。反式α-亚麻酸对血浆脂蛋白的影响尚不清楚。因此，我们研究了反式α-亚麻酸对健康欧洲男性血浆脂质和脂蛋白的影响。来自三个欧洲国家（法国、苏格兰、英国和荷兰）的88名健康男性首先食用了6周不含反式脂肪酸的实验油饮食（导入期）。在接下来的6周里，他们被随机分配到食用反式α-亚麻酸“高”或“低”的实验油饮食组。高反式组每日反式α-亚麻酸总摄入量为1410（范围583 - 2642）毫克。实验油直接提供，或添加到人造黄油、奶酪、松饼和饼干中。与低反式饮食相比，高反式α-亚麻酸饮食使血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值显著升高8.1%（95%置信区间1.4, 15.3），总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值升高5.1%（95%置信区间0.4, 9.9）。这主要是由于高反式饮食组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇增加，而低反式组未观察到变化（平均治疗效果为4.7%（95%置信区间 - 0.8, 10.5））。未发现对总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油、载脂蛋白B和A - 1以及脂蛋白(a)浓度有影响。总之，反式α-亚麻酸可能会增加血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比值。饮食引起的这些比值变化是否真的会影响冠心病风险仍有待确定。
