Caul E O, Waller D K, Clarke S K
J Hyg (Lond). 1976 Dec;77(3):383-92. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400055765.
Among 741 children under 5 years admitted to hospital with respiratory infections during two winters, infection with influenza A virus was diagnosed in 70 (9%), with influenza B virus in 8 (1%), and with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in 259 (35%). Both influenza virus and RSV infections were diagnosed most frequently in children under the age of one year, and diagnosed more frequently in males than females. Influenza illnesses were more severe in boys than girls. Both infections occurred more often, but were not more severe, in children from a conurbation than in those from 'rural' areas. Convulsions were the cause of 36% of admissions with influenza A infections, but were rare in RSV infections. Bronchiolitis was the reason for 39% of admissions with RSV infections, but was rare in influenza infections. It is suggested that infants admitted to hospital are a good source of influenza virus strains for monitoring antigenic variation.
在两个冬季因呼吸道感染住院的741名5岁以下儿童中，70名（9%）被诊断为甲型流感病毒感染，8名（1%）为乙型流感病毒感染，259名（35%）为呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染。甲型流感病毒和RSV感染在1岁以下儿童中诊断最为频繁，男性比女性诊断更为频繁。流感疾病在男孩中比女孩中更严重。两种感染在城市地区儿童中发生得更频繁，但并不比“农村”地区儿童更严重。惊厥是36%的甲型流感感染住院病例的病因，但在RSV感染中很少见。细支气管炎是39%的RSV感染住院病例的病因，但在流感感染中很少见。有人提出，住院婴儿是监测抗原变异的流感病毒株的良好来源。
