Yohannes K, Dulhunty J M, Kourleoutov C, Manuopangai V T, Polyn M K, Parks W J, Williams G M, Bryan J H
Tropical Health Program, University of Queensland Medical School, Herston Road, Herston, Australia.
Acta Trop. 2000 Mar 25;75(2):173-83. doi: 10.1016/s0001-706x(00)00055-3.
The present study investigated the use of insecticide-impregnated bed nets by communities in central Malaita, Solomon Islands. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected by: (1) questionnaire administration to 124 care-givers of children aged 0-10 years of age; (2) 20 focus group discussions; (3) two structured observations of bed net re-impregnation, and (4) interviews with key informants. Ninety-four percent of all care-givers had bed nets, but only 62% had sufficient bed nets for all household members. Fifty-two percent used bed nets throughout the year and 70% of care-givers reported that all their children slept under bed nets. Although coastal householders considered malaria and mosquitoes more of a problem than inland householders, overall bed net compliance did not differ. Factors affecting bed net ownership were cost and community expectation of free bed nets. Bed net use was affected by four factors: (1) seasonality (99% used bed nets during the rainy season, 52% used them all year); (2) mosquito nuisance (59% of respondents reported that protection against mosquitoes was the main reason for using a bed net); (3) weather (68% of care-givers would not use a bed net if the weather was hot), and (4) low density of mosquitoes (respondents who used bed nets as protection against mosquito nuisance were more likely not to use bed nets when mosquitoes were few than those who used bed nets for malaria protection (odds ratio (OR), 3.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4-12.0). Protection against malaria was the main reason children slept under bed nets. Children from households where bed nets were used for malaria protection were more likely to sleep under bed nets than children from households where nets were used as protection from mosquitoes only (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3-5.9). Other factors that affected children's bed net use were, age (users were significantly younger than non-users; chi(2)=7.9, degrees of freedom=1, P=0.005) and sufficiency of bed nets (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1. 3-7.0).
本研究调查了所罗门群岛马莱塔中部社区使用杀虫剂浸渍蚊帐的情况。通过以下方式收集定性和定量数据：（1）对124名0至10岁儿童的照顾者进行问卷调查；（2）开展20次焦点小组讨论；（3）对蚊帐重新浸渍进行两次结构化观察；（4）与关键信息提供者进行访谈。所有照顾者中有94%拥有蚊帐，但只有62%的人拥有足够供所有家庭成员使用的蚊帐。52%的人全年使用蚊帐，70%的照顾者报告称他们所有的孩子都睡在蚊帐下。尽管沿海居民比内陆居民更认为疟疾和蚊子是个问题，但总体蚊帐使用率并无差异。影响蚊帐拥有率的因素是成本以及社区对免费蚊帐的期望。蚊帐使用受到四个因素的影响：（1）季节性（99%的人在雨季使用蚊帐，52%的人全年使用）；（2）蚊子滋扰（59%的受访者表示防蚊是使用蚊帐的主要原因）；（3）天气（68%的照顾者在天气炎热时不会使用蚊帐），以及（4）蚊子密度低（将蚊帐用作防蚊的受访者在蚊子少时比将蚊帐用于预防疟疾的受访者更有可能不使用蚊帐（优势比（OR）为3.9；95%置信区间（CI）为1.4 - 12.0）。预防疟疾是儿童睡在蚊帐下的主要原因。与仅将蚊帐用作防蚊的家庭中的孩子相比，将蚊帐用于预防疟疾的家庭中的孩子更有可能睡在蚊帐下（OR为2.7；95%CI为1.3 - 5.9）。影响儿童蚊帐使用的其他因素包括年龄（使用者明显比非使用者年轻；卡方值（chi(2)）=7.9，自由度=1，P = 0.005）和蚊帐充足程度（OR为2.0；95%CI为1.3 - 7.0）。
