Brieger W R, Onyido A E, Sexton J D, Ezike V I, Breman J G, Ekanem O J
African Regional Health Education Centre, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Health Educ Res. 1996 Jun;11(2):133-45. doi: 10.1093/her/11.2.133-a.
A project testing the efficacy of insecticide (permethrin)-impregnated bed nets, compared with impregnated door and window curtains, residual house spraying, and a control group was implemented in 12 village clusters in the Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria, using epidemiologic and entomologic indicators. The appropriate materials and services were given free to all families. During the first year of study, three monitoring exercises were carried out in a random selection of homes where children under 5 years of age resided. Information was collected on perceived effectiveness of the interventions, condition of nets and curtains, reasons for not sleeping under nets, and recall of steps required in caring for nets and curtains. Bed nets were perceived as more effective in reducing mosquito bites compared with the two other interventions. At the last monitoring period, which occurred a few weeks before a re-impregnation exercise, respondents also perceived bed nets to be most effective in preventing malaria. These findings coincided with epidemiologic evidence. Curtains, especially those at doors, were more likely to be torn and dirty than bed nets. Although holes would not reduce the effectiveness of the insecticide, they could reduce the 'beauty' of the curtains, a perceived benefit that initially attracted villagers to both curtains and nets. Bed net owners reported significantly less frequent use of other mosquito control measures in their homes than did members of the other groups. Finally, bed net users demonstrated increased knowledge of use and care steps than did those with curtains. These findings suggested a high level of social acceptability of bed nets, and point to the need to test their acceptability further under conditions where people would pay for nets and communities would manage distribution and re-impregnation systems.
在尼日利亚埃努古州Nsukka地方政府辖区的12个村庄集群中，开展了一个项目，使用流行病学和昆虫学指标，测试与浸渍门窗窗帘、室内滞留喷洒以及一个对照组相比，浸渍杀虫剂（氯菊酯）的蚊帐的功效。所有家庭免费获得了合适的材料和服务。在研究的第一年，对随机选择的5岁以下儿童居住的家庭进行了三次监测活动。收集了关于干预措施的感知有效性、蚊帐和窗帘的状况、不在蚊帐下睡觉的原因以及对照顾蚊帐和窗帘所需步骤的回忆等信息。与其他两种干预措施相比，人们认为蚊帐在减少蚊虫叮咬方面更有效。在重新浸渍活动前几周的最后一个监测期，受访者还认为蚊帐在预防疟疾方面最有效。这些发现与流行病学证据相符。窗帘，尤其是门帘，比蚊帐更容易撕破和弄脏。虽然破洞不会降低杀虫剂的效果，但会降低窗帘的“美观度”，而这一被感知到的好处最初吸引村民使用窗帘和蚊帐。蚊帐所有者报告说，他们家中使用其他蚊虫控制措施的频率明显低于其他组的成员。最后，与使用窗帘的人相比，使用蚊帐的人对使用和保养步骤的了解有所增加。这些发现表明蚊帐具有较高的社会接受度，并指出需要在人们为蚊帐付费且社区管理分发和重新浸渍系统的条件下，进一步测试其接受度。
