Napholz L
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, School of Nursing 53201, USA.
Int J Psychiatr Nurs Res. 1999 Oct;5(2):562-78.
The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which role conflict, life satisfaction, self-esteem, instrumentality, expressiveness, age and education predicts ambulatory depression among a community based sample of urban American Indian working women. The convenience sample consisted of a total of 148 Midwestern American Indian working women, ranging in age from 18 to 65 years. Participants completed five instruments assessing gender-related traits of instrumentality and expressiveness, self-esteem, depression, life satisfaction, role conflict, and socio-demographic information. A forced entry stepwise multiple regression was conducted which included all the designated predictor variables. The significant negative Beta in Step 1 indicated that women scoring on the Masculinity (instrumentality) sub-scale were less likely to have a high depression score. The prediction of depression by the Masculinity sub-scale was no longer significant after the life satisfaction and self-esteem variables were added to the equation in Step 2. There was a significant inverse relationship for life satisfaction and self-esteem in predicting the criterion variable, depression. Thirty-two percent of the variance in the prediction of the dependent variable (depression scores) was accounted for by the six variables. In counselling urban American Indian women, supporting instrumentality, enhancing self-esteem and life satisfaction, can positively impact on ambulatory dysphoria.
本研究的目的是考察角色冲突、生活满意度、自尊、工具性、表达性、年龄和教育程度在多大程度上能够预测美国城市印第安职业女性社区样本中的门诊抑郁症情况。便利样本总共包括148名美国中西部印第安职业女性，年龄在18岁至65岁之间。参与者完成了五项评估工具性和表达性、自尊、抑郁、生活满意度、角色冲突以及社会人口学信息等与性别相关特征的量表。进行了强制进入逐步多元回归分析，纳入了所有指定的预测变量。第一步中显著的负β系数表明，在男性化（工具性）子量表上得分高的女性抑郁得分高的可能性较小。在第二步将生活满意度和自尊变量纳入方程后，男性化子量表对抑郁的预测不再显著。在预测标准变量抑郁方面，生活满意度和自尊存在显著的负相关关系。六个变量解释了因变量（抑郁得分）预测中32%的方差。在为美国城市印第安女性提供咨询时，支持工具性、增强自尊和生活满意度，能够对门诊烦躁情绪产生积极影响。
