Napholz L
Health Care Women Int. 1994 Jul-Aug;15(4):307-16. doi: 10.1080/07399339409516123.
In this preliminary study, sex role orientation, role conflict, depression, self-esteem, and life satisfaction were measured in working women. The convenience sample consisted of 106 working women, mostly white, ranging in age from 22 to 62 years. Analyses of the data revealed that participants who were undifferentiated in sex role orientation had significantly higher depression scores, lower self-esteem scores, and lower life satisfaction scores than the androgynous and cross-typed groups. There were no significant differences among the sex role orientation types on role conflict scores. Intriguing comparisons among depression, self-esteem, life satisfaction, and sex role orientation were found. Further research is needed to understand the role of gender in psychological problems, the symptoms associated with them, and how women respond to them.
在这项初步研究中，对职业女性的性别角色取向、角色冲突、抑郁、自尊和生活满意度进行了测量。便利样本包括106名职业女性，她们大多是白人，年龄在22岁至62岁之间。数据分析显示，在性别角色取向上无差异的参与者比双性化和交叉类型组的抑郁得分显著更高、自尊得分更低、生活满意度得分更低。在角色冲突得分上，性别角色取向类型之间没有显著差异。研究发现了抑郁、自尊、生活满意度和性别角色取向之间有趣的比较。需要进一步研究以了解性别在心理问题中的作用、与之相关的症状以及女性如何应对这些问题。
