Rosenfeld A G, Gilkeson J
Oregon Health Sciences University School of Nursing, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
Heart Lung. 2000 Mar-Apr;29(2):105-12.
The goal of this study was to describe the meaning of an acute cardiac event and cardiac illness for women with coronary heart disease.
A longitudinal, descriptive design was used.
The study was undertaken at a tertiary care hospital in the Pacific Northwest.
The study considered a purposive sample of 6 women ranging in age from 47 to 67 years, who were hospitalized for coronary heart disease (3 for coronary bypass surgery and 3 for coronary angioplasty).
We completed a series of 2 focused semistructured interviews, 1 while women were hospitalized for coronary heart disease and the second 3 months later. The qualitative method of grounded theory guided the collection and analysis of data.
The meaning of illness for women with coronary heart disease evolved over time in a process we termed seeking understanding. After the onset of symptoms, women described 3 responses: denial, acknowledging, and being scared. These did not occur in sequence, but as iterative processes. They described 4 additional themes after obtaining medical attention: naming, seriousness of illness, comparing self with others, and causality.
A substantive theory of seeking understanding was described in this study and contributes to our understanding of meaning and behavior of women with coronary heart disease. Future research with use of similar methods may lead to an understanding of women's decision-making process regarding their illness.
本研究的目的是描述急性心脏事件和心脏病对冠心病女性患者的意义。
采用纵向描述性设计。
该研究在太平洋西北部的一家三级护理医院进行。
该研究选取了6名年龄在47至67岁之间的女性作为目的抽样样本，她们因冠心病住院（3例行冠状动脉搭桥手术，3例行冠状动脉成形术）。
我们完成了一系列2次聚焦式半结构化访谈，1次在女性因冠心病住院期间进行，第2次在3个月后进行。扎根理论的定性方法指导了数据的收集和分析。
冠心病女性患者对疾病的认知随着时间的推移在一个我们称为寻求理解的过程中不断演变。症状出现后，女性描述了3种反应：否认、承认和恐惧。这些反应并非按顺序出现，而是反复出现的过程。在获得医疗护理后，她们描述了另外4个主题：命名、疾病的严重性、与他人比较以及因果关系。
本研究描述了一种寻求理解的实质性理论，有助于我们理解冠心病女性患者的认知和行为。未来使用类似方法的研究可能会有助于理解女性关于自身疾病的决策过程。
