Goldstein F W
Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Saint-Joseph, Paris, France.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000 Feb;19(2):112-7. doi: 10.1007/s100960050440.
The aim of this study was to determine the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial strains isolated from adults with community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) in France. From December 1996 to March 1997, each of 15 private laboratories in France consecutively collected about 80 non-duplicate strains isolated from adult outpatients with UTI, including patients receiving care at home, and tested their susceptibility by the disk diffusion test. A total of 1160 strains were collected: 1031 gram-negative bacilli, including Escherichia coli (n = 865), Proteus mirabilis (n = 68) and Klebsiella spp. (n = 40), and 129 gram-positive cocci, including Staphylococcus aureus (n = 16), other staphylococci (n = 25), group B streptococci (n = 25) and enterococci (n = 63). In the case of 430 bacterial isolates, the patients had either been hospitalised in the last 6 months or received antibiotic treatment in the last 3 months. The antibiotic susceptibility rates for Escherichia coli were: amoxicillin (58.7%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (63.3%), ticarcillin (61.4%), cephalothin (66.8%) cefuroxime (77.6%), cefixime (83.6%), cefotaxime (99.8%), ceftazidime (99%), nalidixic acid (91.9%), norfloxacin (96.6%), ofloxacin (96.3%), ciprofloxacin (98.3%), cotrimoxazole (78.2%), fosfomycin (99.1%) and gentamicin (98.4%). Of the Enterobacteriaceae, five strains produced an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. Methicillin resistance was detected in nine Staphylococcus aureus isolates. The most important findings were two extended-spectrum, beta-lactamase-producing and three methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients who had not been hospitalised in the last 6 months or taken antibiotics in the last 3 months. The findings indicate that these strains can spread within the community; therefore, monitoring antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated in the community appears to be mandatory.
本研究的目的是确定从法国社区获得性尿路感染（UTI）成人患者中分离出的细菌菌株的分布及抗生素敏感性模式。1996年12月至1997年3月，法国15家私立实验室各自连续收集了约80株从UTI成人门诊患者（包括在家接受治疗的患者）中分离出的非重复菌株，并通过纸片扩散法检测其敏感性。共收集到1160株菌株：1031株革兰氏阴性杆菌，包括大肠杆菌（n = 865）、奇异变形杆菌（n = 68）和克雷伯菌属（n = 40），以及129株革兰氏阳性球菌，包括金黄色葡萄球菌（n = 16）、其他葡萄球菌（n = 25）、B组链球菌（n = 25）和肠球菌（n = 63）。在430株细菌分离株中，患者在过去6个月内曾住院或在过去3个月内接受过抗生素治疗。大肠杆菌的抗生素敏感性率为：阿莫西林（58.7%）、阿莫西林 - 克拉维酸（63.3%）、替卡西林（61.4%）、头孢噻吩（66.8%）、头孢呋辛（77.6%）、头孢克肟（83.6%）、头孢噻肟（99.8%）、头孢他啶（99%）、萘啶酸（91.9%）、诺氟沙星（96.6%）、氧氟沙星（96.3%）、环丙沙星（98.3%）、复方新诺明（78.2%）、磷霉素（99.1%）和庆大霉素（98.4%）。肠杆菌科中有5株产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶。在9株金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中检测到耐甲氧西林。最重要的发现是从过去6个月内未住院且过去3个月内未使用过抗生素的患者中分离出2株产超广谱β-内酰胺酶和3株耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株。这些发现表明这些菌株可在社区内传播；因此，监测社区中分离出的细菌的抗生素敏感性似乎是必要的。
