López S R, Guarnaccia P J
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1563, USA.
Annu Rev Psychol. 2000;51:571-98. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.571.
We review cultural psychopathology research since Kleinman's (1988) important review with the goals of updating past reviews, evaluating current conceptualizations and methods, and identifying emerging substantive trends. Conceptual advances are noted, particularly developments in the definition of culture and the examination of both culture-specific and cultural-general processes. The contributions of the Culture and Diagnosis Task Force for DSM-IV and the World Mental Health Report are reviewed and contrasted. Selected research on anxiety, schizophrenia, and childhood disorders is examined, with particular attention given to the study of ataque de nervios, social factors affecting the course of schizophrenia, and cross-national differences in internalizing and externalizing problems in children. Within the last ten years, cultural psychopathology research has become a significant force. Its focus on the social world holds promise to make significant inroads in reducing suffering and improving people's everyday lives.
我们回顾自克莱曼（1988年）的重要综述以来的文化心理病理学研究，目的是更新以往的综述、评估当前的概念和方法，并确定新出现的实质性趋势。文中指出了概念上的进展，特别是在文化定义以及对特定文化和一般文化过程的研究方面的进展。对《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版文化与诊断特别工作组以及《世界心理健康报告》的贡献进行了回顾和对比。研究了关于焦虑症、精神分裂症和儿童期障碍的部分研究，特别关注了对“神经发作”的研究、影响精神分裂症病程的社会因素，以及儿童内化和外化问题的跨国差异。在过去十年中，文化心理病理学研究已成为一股重要力量。其对社会世界的关注有望在减轻痛苦和改善人们日常生活方面取得重大进展。
