Teitelbaum L, Mullen B
Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, New York 13244-2340, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 2000 Mar;61(2):254-61. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2000.61.254.
Assessment of alcohol-related problems is essential in psychiatric settings. The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) has been the most commonly evaluated self-report alcohol assessment tool in psychiatric settings. However, due to a large variation in reports of findings and conclusions, a clear understanding of the utility of the MAST in psychiatric settings continues to be elusive. Therefore, the major goals of this investigation were (1) to integrate the available information pertaining to the validity of the MAST when used in psychiatric settings, and (2) to investigate factors that may moderate the performance of the MAST.
Using clinically determined alcohol-related diagnosis as a criterion, a meta-analytic integration of nine published studies investigating the criterion validity of the MAST in psychiatric settings is presented.
Findings revealed that the MAST is significantly valid when used in psychiatric settings. However, sensitivity estimates were found to be of greater magnitude than specificity estimates. Further, validity estimates of the MAST were found to be higher in psychiatric samples that had a greater proportion of women and in samples that exhibited higher base rates of alcohol-use disorder.
Results of this integration support the continued use of the MAST in psychiatric settings as a screening instrument and suggest that those who administer the MAST must be attentive to particular characteristics of respondents.
在精神科环境中，评估与酒精相关的问题至关重要。密歇根酒精中毒筛查测试（MAST）一直是精神科环境中最常被评估的自我报告酒精评估工具。然而，由于研究结果和结论的报告存在很大差异，对MAST在精神科环境中的效用仍缺乏清晰的认识。因此，本研究的主要目标是：（1）整合与MAST在精神科环境中使用时的效度相关的现有信息；（2）调查可能影响MAST性能的因素。
以临床确定的与酒精相关的诊断为标准，对九项已发表的研究进行荟萃分析，这些研究调查了MAST在精神科环境中的效标效度。
研究结果显示，MAST在精神科环境中使用时具有显著效度。然而，发现敏感性估计值的幅度大于特异性估计值。此外，在女性比例较高的精神科样本以及酒精使用障碍基础率较高的样本中，MAST的效度估计值更高。
本整合研究的结果支持在精神科环境中继续使用MAST作为筛查工具，并表明实施MAST的人员必须关注受访者的特定特征。
