Kokkinos P F, Papademetriou V
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Coron Artery Dis. 2000 Mar;11(2):99-102. doi: 10.1097/00019501-200003000-00002.
Randomized, well-controlled exercise intervention studies have shown consistently that regularly performed aerobic exercise significantly lowers blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Mild to moderate intensity exercise may be more effective in lowering blood pressure than higher intensity exercises. Such exercise is also safe and effective in lowering blood pressure in treated patients with severe hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. A significant reduction in blood pressure and regression of left ventricular hypertrophy may be achieved in these patients even after substantial reductions in antihypertensive medication. Recent findings have also shown that exercise training attenuates exaggerated blood pressure response during physical exertion. The safety and efficacy of mild to moderate exercise has significant and positive clinical implications for all hypertensive patients. Exercise-induced reductions in resting blood pressure and prevention of abnormal increases in blood pressure during physical exertion can lead to fewer cardiovascular events. They may also reduce antihypertensive medication requirements, cost, and medication-related side-effects, and improve quality of life.
随机、严格对照的运动干预研究一致表明，规律进行的有氧运动能显著降低原发性高血压患者的血压。轻度至中度强度运动在降低血压方面可能比高强度运动更有效。这种运动在治疗严重高血压和左心室肥厚的患者中降低血压也是安全有效的。即使在大幅减少抗高血压药物用量后，这些患者的血压仍可显著降低，左心室肥厚也可消退。最近的研究结果还表明，运动训练可减轻体力活动期间过度的血压反应。轻度至中度运动的安全性和有效性对所有高血压患者具有重大且积极的临床意义。运动引起的静息血压降低以及预防体力活动期间血压异常升高可减少心血管事件。它们还可能减少抗高血压药物需求、成本和药物相关副作用，并改善生活质量。
