Moser S A, Tokach M D, Dritz S S, Goodband R D, Nelssen J L, Loughmiller J A
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0210, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2000 Mar;78(3):658-67. doi: 10.2527/2000.783658x.
Sows (n = 306; PIC, Line C-19; average parity 2.1) were used to evaluate the interrelationship between valine, isoleucine, and leucine on sow and litter performance. Our objective was to determine whether the increase in litter weaning weight associated with added dietary valine is specific for valine or a result of the total branched-chain amino acid (i.e., isoleucine and[or] leucine) concentration of the diet. Eight dietary treatments (36 to 41 sows/treatment) were arranged as a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial with two levels of valine (.80 and 1.20%), isoleucine (.68 and 1.08%), and leucine (1.57 and 1.97%). This provided total branched-chain amino acid levels of 3.05, 3.45, 3.85, and 4.25%. The lowest level of each branched-chain amino acid was similar to that in a .90% lysine corn-soybean meal diet containing .15% L-lysine HCl. Amino acids other than valine, isoleucine, and leucine met or exceeded their suggested estimates relative to lysine using ratios derived from the National and Agricultural Research Councils. Average number of pigs on d 2 of lactation was 11.2, and average lactation length was 20.9 d. Number of pigs weaned (x = 10.6), sow ADFI (x = 5.85 kg), and sow weight loss (x = 4.25 kg) were not affected by dietary treatment (P > .10). Sow backfat loss (P < .02), litter weaning weight (P < .04), and litter weight gain from d 2 to weaning (P > .05) increased as dietary valine increased. Litter weight at weaning and litter weight gain were not affected by dietary isoleucine (P > .80) or leucine (P > .60). Sixteen or 17 sows per treatment (129 total) were milked manually on d 14 to 16 of lactation. Increasing dietary valine tended to increase milk urea N (P < .07) but did not affect milk DM, CP, fat, lactose, or ash. Increasing dietary isoleucine or leucine had no effects on milk composition. These results confirm the importance of dietary valine for increased litter weaning weight, independent of either additional dietary leucine or isoleucine.
选用306头母猪（品种为PIC，C - 19系；平均胎次2.1）来评估缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和亮氨酸对母猪及其仔猪生产性能的相互关系。我们的目标是确定日粮中添加缬氨酸后仔猪断奶体重的增加是缬氨酸特有的作用，还是日粮中总支链氨基酸（即异亮氨酸和/或亮氨酸）浓度变化的结果。设计了8种日粮处理（每个处理36至41头母猪），采用2×2×2析因设计，其中缬氨酸有两个水平（0.80%和1.20%）、异亮氨酸有两个水平（0.68%和1.08%）、亮氨酸有两个水平（1.57%和1.97%）。这样得到的总支链氨基酸水平分别为3.05%、3.45%、3.85%和4.25%。每种支链氨基酸的最低水平与含0.15% L - 盐酸赖氨酸的0.90%赖氨酸玉米 - 豆粕型日粮中的水平相似。相对于赖氨酸，除缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和亮氨酸之外的其他氨基酸，采用美国国家研究委员会和农业研究委员会推荐的比例，均达到或超过了建议的估计值。泌乳第2天的仔猪平均数量为11.2头，平均泌乳期为20.9天。断奶仔猪数（x = 10.6头）、母猪平均日采食量（x = 5.85千克）和母猪体重损失（x = 4.25千克）不受日粮处理的影响（P > 0.10）。随着日粮缬氨酸水平的增加，母猪背膘损失（P < 0.02）、仔猪断奶体重（P < 0.04）以及从第2天到断奶时仔猪体重增加量（P > 0.05）均有所增加。日粮异亮氨酸（P > 0.80）或亮氨酸（P > 0.60）对断奶时仔猪体重和仔猪体重增加量没有影响。每个处理有16或17头母猪（共129头）在泌乳第14至16天进行人工挤奶。日粮缬氨酸增加倾向于使乳中尿素氮增加（P < 0.07），但对乳干物质、粗蛋白、脂肪、乳糖或灰分没有影响。日粮异亮氨酸或亮氨酸增加对乳成分没有影响。这些结果证实了日粮缬氨酸对于提高仔猪断奶体重的重要性，这与额外添加的日粮亮氨酸或异亮氨酸无关。
