Rezaei Reza, Gabriel Ana San, Wu Guoyao
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
Ajinomoto Co., Inc, 1-15-1 Kyobashi, Chuoku, Tokyo, 104-8315, Japan.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2022 Jun 17;13(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s40104-022-00718-y.
Under current dietary regimens, milk production by lactating sows is insufficient to sustain the maximal growth of their piglets. As precursors of glutamate and glutamine as well as substrates and activators of protein synthesis, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have great potential for enhancing milk production by sows.
Thirty multiparous sows were assigned randomly into one of three groups: control (a corn- and soybean meal-based diet), the basal diet + 1.535% BCAAs; and the basal diet + 3.07% BCAAs. The ratio (g/g) among the supplemental L-isoleucine, L-leucine and L-valine was 1.00:2.56:1.23. Diets were made isonitrogenous by the addition of appropriate amounts of L-alanine. Lactating sows had free access to drinking water and their respective diets. The number of live-born piglets was standardized to 9 per sow at d 0 of lactation (the day of parturition). On d 3, 15 and 29 of lactation, body weights and milk consumption of piglets were measured, and blood samples were obtained from sows and piglets 2 h and 1 h after feeding and nursing, respectively.
Feed intake did not differ among the three groups of sows. Concentrations of asparagine, glutamate, glutamine, citrulline, arginine, proline, BCAAs, and many other amino acids were greater (P < 0.05) in the plasma of BCAA-supplemented sows and their piglets than those in the control group. Compared with the control, dietary supplementation with 1.535% and 3.07% BCAAs increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of free and protein-bound BCAAs, glutamate plus glutamine, aspartate plus asparagine, and many other amino acids in milk; milk production by 14% and 21%, respectively; daily weight gains of piglets by 19% and 28%, respectively, while reducing preweaning mortality rates by 50% and 70%, respectively.
Dietary supplementation with up to 3.07% BCAAs enhanced milk production by lactating sows, and the growth and survival of their piglets.
在当前的饮食方案下，泌乳母猪的产奶量不足以维持其仔猪的最大生长。作为谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺的前体以及蛋白质合成的底物和激活剂，支链氨基酸（BCAAs）在提高母猪产奶量方面具有巨大潜力。
30头经产母猪被随机分为三组之一：对照组（基于玉米和豆粕的日粮）、基础日粮+1.535% BCAA组；以及基础日粮+3.07% BCAA组。补充的L-异亮氨酸、L-亮氨酸和L-缬氨酸之间的比例（g/g）为1.00:2.56:1.23。通过添加适量的L-丙氨酸使日粮达到等氮水平。泌乳母猪可自由饮用饮水并采食各自的日粮。在泌乳第0天（分娩日），每头母猪的活产仔猪数标准化为9头。在泌乳第3天、15天和29天，测量仔猪的体重和采食量，并分别在饲喂和哺乳后2小时和1小时从母猪和仔猪采集血样。
三组母猪的采食量没有差异。补充BCAA的母猪及其仔猪血浆中的天冬酰胺、谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、瓜氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸、BCAAs以及许多其他氨基酸的浓度均高于对照组（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，日粮中添加1.535%和3.07%的BCAAs可使牛奶中游离和蛋白质结合的BCAAs、谷氨酸加谷氨酰胺、天冬氨酸加天冬酰胺以及许多其他氨基酸的浓度增加（P<0.05）；产奶量分别提高14%和21%；仔猪日增重分别提高19%和28%，同时断奶前死亡率分别降低了50%和70%。
日粮中添加高达3.07%的BCAAs可提高泌乳母猪的产奶量及其仔猪的生长和存活率。
