Srinivas P, Wong K S, Chia Y C, Poi P J, Ebrahim S
University Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1998 Dec;29(4):821-6.
The main objective of this study was to survey the prevalence of hypertension in Malaysians aged 55 years and above who responded to a public health screening campaign in Kuala Langat district, Selangor, Malaysia. The relationship between the detection, treatment and control in the study population was also examined. An epidemiological survey of the elderly was conducted in Kuala Langat, a rural district in Malaysia for a consecutive period of six weeks. The survey was conducted using a standardized questionnaire and interview by trained research assistants. The medical students and nurses were trained on the correct protocol of measuring blood pressure based on the recommendations of the British Hypertension Society. Newly detected persons with blood pressure readings 160/95 mmHg and above, were given a green card to return to the nearest health center for a further 2 visits to check his/her blood pressure. A total of 1,392 people with a mean age of 65 years and comprising of 53.1% males and 46.9% females responded to the health survey. Based on the history 335 (24.1%) of the respondents were known hypertensives and 82.1% of this hypertensive group were on regular treatment. However good control of hypertension was achieved only in 161 (48.1%) of them. Newly detected hypertension was found in 204 (14.6%) of the respondents. The overall prevalence of hypertension in our sample of respondents was 25.6%. There was no significant difference between the sexes and the races in terms of their detection, treatment and control. However there was a significant difference between the persons aged less than 65 years of age and those older than 65 years. There was a large proportion of previously known hypertensives among the survey population. Of those detected, not all were on regular medications and the majority on medications were not well controlled. Education of the public through intensive public health campaigns is vital to improve their knowledge on hypertension and the need for effective control. More community studies are needed to formulate better methods in the detection, treatment and control of hypertension.
本研究的主要目的是调查马来西亚雪兰莪州瓜拉冷岳地区参加公共卫生筛查活动的55岁及以上马来西亚人的高血压患病率。同时还研究了该人群中高血压的检出、治疗与控制之间的关系。在马来西亚的一个乡村地区瓜拉冷岳进行了一项为期六周的老年人流行病学调查。该调查采用标准化问卷，并由经过培训的研究助理进行访谈。医学生和护士根据英国高血压学会的建议接受了正确测量血压规程的培训。血压读数在160/95毫米汞柱及以上的新检出者会得到一张绿卡，以便返回最近的健康中心再进行两次血压检查。共有1392人回应了健康调查，他们的平均年龄为65岁，其中男性占53.1%，女性占46.9%。根据病史，335名（24.1%）受访者为已知高血压患者，该高血压群体中82.1%正在接受正规治疗。然而，其中只有161人（48.1%）的高血压得到了良好控制。新检出高血压的受访者有204人（14.6%）。我们的受访者样本中高血压的总体患病率为25.6%。在高血压的检出、治疗和控制方面，性别和种族之间没有显著差异。然而，年龄小于65岁的人和年龄大于65岁的人之间存在显著差异。调查人群中已知高血压患者的比例很大。在那些被检出的患者中，并非所有人都在规律服药，而且大多数服药患者的血压控制不佳。通过密集的公共卫生运动对公众进行教育，对于提高他们对高血压的认识以及有效控制高血压的必要性至关重要。需要开展更多的社区研究，以制定更好的高血压检测、治疗和控制方法。
