中国成年人高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率

[Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Chinese adults].

作者信息

Gu Dong-feng, Jiang He, Wu Xi-gui, Reynolds Kristi, Gan Wen-qi, Liu Dong-hai, Su Shao-yong, Duan Xiu-fang, Huang Guang-yong, Whelton Paul K

机构信息

Division of Population Genetics and Prevention, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.

出版信息

Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2003 Mar;37(2):84-9.

PMID:12839656

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To identify the prevalence, distribution, current status of awareness and control of hypertension in Chinese adult population.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in mainland of China in 2000 - 2001 as a part of work coordinated with InterASIA Program. A total of 15,838 nationally representative subjects aged 35 to 74 were selected with multistage cluster sampling. Measurement of blood pressure was taken for all of them with three readings in a mercuric-column sphygmomanometer after resting for five minutes. Standard structured questionnaire was used to collect their histories and treatment and prevention for hypertension. A case of hypertension was defined as any person with systolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 140 mmHg, or with diastolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 90 mmHg, or being administered with antihypertensive agents.

RESULTS

A total of 15,838 adults aged 35 - 74 years were included in this survey. Overall, the prevalence of hypertension was 27.2%, representing 130 million persons with hypertension nationwide as estimated. Age-specific prevalence of hypertension was 10.7%, 26.8%, 38.9% and 50.2% for women and 17.4%, 28.2%, 40.7% and 47.3% for men aged 35 - 44, 45 - 54, 55 - 64 and 65 - 74 years, respectively. Among hypertensive patients, 44.7% were aware of their high blood pressure, 28.2% were taking antihypertensive medication, and 8.1% achieved their blood pressure under control (< 140/90 mm Hg). All these data indicated that percentages of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension increased by 86.2%, 92.6% and 145.4%, respectively in the past ten years, as compared with the data in 1991.

CONCLUSIONS

In the past ten years, percentages of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Chinese adults increased significantly, who had a relatively high prevalence of hypertension, but lower awareness and much lower percentages of treatment and control of hypertension. It is urgently needed to improve prevention, detection and treatment for hypertension in adults.

摘要

目的

了解中国成年人群高血压的患病率、分布情况、知晓率及控制现状。

方法

2000 - 2001年在中国内地进行了一项横断面调查，作为与亚洲国际心血管病研究合作项目协调工作的一部分。采用多阶段整群抽样方法，共选取了15838名具有全国代表性的35至74岁受试者。所有受试者休息5分钟后，使用汞柱式血压计测量三次血压。采用标准结构化问卷收集他们的高血压病史、治疗及预防情况。高血压病例定义为收缩压大于或等于140 mmHg，或舒张压大于或等于90 mmHg，或正在服用降压药物的人群。

结果

本次调查共纳入15838名35 - 74岁成年人。总体而言，高血压患病率为27.2%，据估计全国高血压患者达1.3亿人。35 - 44岁、45 - 54岁、55 - 64岁和65 - 74岁女性的高血压年龄别患病率分别为10.7%、26.8%、38.9%和50.2%，男性分别为17.4%、28.2%、40.7%和47.3%。在高血压患者中，44.7%知晓自己患有高血压，28.2%正在服用降压药物，8.1%血压得到控制（< 140/90 mmHg）。所有这些数据表明，与1991年的数据相比，过去十年高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别提高了86.2%、92.6%和145.4%。