Kenda R B, Novljan G, Kenig A, Hojker S, Fettich J J
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2000 Apr;14(4):297-300. doi: 10.1007/s004670050762.
The development of echo-enhancing agents has significantly improved the detection of the movement of fluid within the urinary tract by ultrasonography (US). The purpose of our study was to compare ultrasound voiding cystography (USVC) for the detection of vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) in children with direct radionuclide voiding cystography (DRVC). Ninety-nine children, aged 1.1-12.3 years, with 198 potentially refluxing units, were investigated simultaneously by DRVC and USVC. The indications for cystography were urinary tract infection, follow-up of a previously detected VUR, and screening of siblings of children with VUR. During the investigation an echo-enhancing agent (Levovist) was administered intravesically through a catheter already in place for the DRVC. The movement of both agents, radiotracer and Levovist, was registered simultaneously by a computerized gamma camera and US, respectively. The results were analyzed with DRVC representing the reference diagnostic test. The overall sensitivity and specificity of USVC for the detection of VUR were 79% and 92%, respectively. USVC may represent a reliable diagnostic tool for the detection and follow-up of VUR in children.
回声增强剂的发展显著提高了超声检查（US）对尿路内液体流动的检测能力。我们研究的目的是比较超声排尿膀胱造影（USVC）与直接放射性核素排尿膀胱造影（DRVC）在检测儿童膀胱输尿管反流（VUR）方面的效果。对99名年龄在1.1至12.3岁之间、有198个可能发生反流的单位的儿童同时进行了DRVC和USVC检查。膀胱造影的指征为尿路感染、对先前检测到的VUR进行随访以及对VUR患儿的兄弟姐妹进行筛查。在检查过程中，通过已用于DRVC的导管经膀胱内注入一种回声增强剂（Levovist）。放射性示踪剂和Levovist这两种试剂的移动分别由计算机化γ相机和超声同时记录。以DRVC作为参考诊断测试对结果进行分析。USVC检测VUR的总体敏感性和特异性分别为79%和92%。USVC可能是检测和随访儿童VUR的一种可靠诊断工具。
