Pliquett U F, Gusbeth C A
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Germany.
Bioelectrochemistry. 2000 Feb;51(1):41-51. doi: 10.1016/s0302-4598(99)00070-7.
Electroporation is believed to be the effect that greatly enhances the transport of water-soluble molecules across the stratum corneum (SC) by application of short high voltage pulses. However, electroporation was originally a phenomenon investigated at the level of cell and model membranes, which is only partially comparable to the complicated structure of the stratum corneum. Here, we show, that electroporation is accompanied by other effects, which may be primarily involved in creation of new pathways and altering existing pathways, respectively. Experimental evidence shows that the dramatic increase in skin permeability is due to synergistic effect of electric field and heating by high local current density. Heating starts at small spots, not related to a visible skin structure and results in a propagating heat front. The phase transition of the SC lipids plays a major role in skin permeability during the pulse. The permeability after a high voltage pulse correlates well with the surface area showing a permanent low electrical resistance after pulsing. The main transport of water-soluble molecules is facilitated by the electric field due to the electrophoretic driving force in conjunction with the high permeability due to the breakdown of the multilamellar system of the SC lipids.
电穿孔被认为是通过施加短高压脉冲极大地增强水溶性分子跨角质层（SC）转运的效应。然而，电穿孔最初是在细胞和模型膜层面研究的一种现象，它与角质层的复杂结构只是部分可比。在此，我们表明，电穿孔伴随着其他效应，这些效应可能分别主要参与新通道的形成和现有通道的改变。实验证据表明，皮肤通透性的显著增加是由于电场和高局部电流密度产生的热的协同作用。加热从小斑点开始，与可见的皮肤结构无关，并导致热前沿传播。在脉冲期间，SC脂质的相变在皮肤通透性中起主要作用。高压脉冲后的通透性与脉冲后显示永久低电阻的表面积密切相关。由于电泳驱动力产生的电场以及SC脂质多层系统破裂导致的高通透性，水溶性分子的主要转运得到促进。
